“It Shaped My Future in Ways I Wasn’t Prepared for—in the Best Way Possible”: Alumni Volunteers’ Experiences in an Adapted Sports and Recreation Program

in Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly

Click name to view affiliation

Meredith Wekesser Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

Search for other papers by Meredith Wekesser in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9513-1748 *
,
Guilherme H. Costa School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada

Search for other papers by Guilherme H. Costa in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7586-7563
,
Piotr J. Pasik Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

Search for other papers by Piotr J. Pasik in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5431-1125
, and
Karl Erickson School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada

Search for other papers by Karl Erickson in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7732-3770
Restricted access

Adapted sport participation can have many positive benefits for adults with disabilities. However, one barrier to implementing successful adapted sport programs is lack of knowledgeable volunteers who understand accessibility and disability. In fact, little is known about volunteers’ experiences in adapted sport programs. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively examine experiences of able-bodied volunteers in an adapted sport program. A sample of 105 able-bodied volunteers (Mage = 24.28 ± 1.93) completed an online qualitative survey to share their experiences. Data were analyzed using qualitative thematic analysis, and seven main themes were identified. Results showed that despite differences in initial motives for volunteering, involvement in an adapted sport program was transformative and, for some, life changing. Able-bodied volunteers experienced a wide range of benefits including deeper understanding and awareness of disability and inclusion in sport. Practical recommendations are provided for volunteer-based adapted sport program leaders.

  • Collapse
  • Expand
  • Asken, M.J. (1991). The challenge of the physically challenged: Delivering sport psychology services to physically disabled athletes. The Sport Psychologist, 5, 370381. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.5.4.370

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Bass, B.M., & Riggio, R.E. (2006). Transformational leadership (2nd ed.). Psychology Press.

  • Bryant, A., & Charmaz, C. (2007). SAGE handbook of grounded theory. SAGE Publications.

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). Disability impacts all of us. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilityandhealth/

  • Challenged Athletes Foundation (2019). Collegiate adaptive sports. Author. https://www.challengedathletes.org/collegiate-adaptive-sports/

  • Collier, V., Rothwell, E., Vanzo, R., & Carbone, P.S. (2015). Initial investigation of comfort levels, motivations, and attitudes of volunteers during therapeutic recreation programs. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 49(3), 207219.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Davey, J. (2014). How do novice parasport coaches develop their knowledge? A look at the experiences of parasailing coaches (Unpublished master’s thesis). University of Ottawa. https://ruor.uottawa.ca/handle/10393/30647

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Eime, R.M., Young, J.A., Harvey, J.T., Charity, M.J., & Payne, W.R. (2013). A systematic review of the psychological and social benefits of participation in sport for children and adolescents: Informing development of a conceptual model of health through sport. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition & Physical Activity, 10, Article 98. https://www.ijbnpa.org/content/10/1/98

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Erickson, K., Bruner, M.W., MacDonald, D.J., & Côté, J. (2008). Gaining insight into actual and preferred sources of coaching knowledge. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 3(4), 527538. https://doi.org/10.1260/174795408787186468

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Gage, R.L., III, & Thapa, B. (2012). Volunteer motivations and constraints among college students: Analysis of the volunteer function inventory and leisure constraints models. Nonprofit & Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 41(3), 405430. https://doi.org/10.1177/0899764011406738

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Gershfeld-Litvin, A (2020). Multi-learning course for psychology undergraduates: Combining experiential learning and theory based research for learning about disabilities. Journal of Disability Studies, 6(1), 3639.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Groff, D.G., Lundberg, N.R., & Zabrinskie, R.B. (2009) Influence of adapted sport on quality of life: Perceptions of athletes with cerebral palsy. Disability & Rehabilitation, 31(4), 318326. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638280801976233

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Hajjar, D.J., McCarthy, J.W., Benigno, J.P., & Chabot, J. (2016). “You get more than you give”: Experiences of community partners in facilitating active recreation with individuals who have complex communication needs. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 32(2), 131142. https://doi.org/10.3109/07434618.2015.1136686

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Jaarsma, E.A., Dijkstra, P.U., Geertzen, J.H.B., & Dekker, R. (2014). Barriers to and facilitators of sports participation for people with physical disabilities: A systematic review. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 24(6), 871881. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12218

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • James, L., Shing, J., Mortenson, B., Mattie, J., & Borisoff, J. (2018). Experiences with and perceptions of an adaptive hiking program. Disability & Rehabilitation, 40(13), 15841590. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2017.1302006

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Kamerāde, D., & Paine, A.E. (2014). Volunteering and employability: Implications for policy and practice. Voluntary Sector Review, 5(2), 259273. https://doi.org/10.1332/204080514x14013593888736

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Kropp, J., & Wolfe, B.D. (2018). College students’ perceptions on effects of volunteering with adults with developmental disabilities. Journal of Higher Education Outreach and Engagement, 22(3), 93118.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Lape, E.C., Katz, J.N., Losina, E., Kerman, H.M., Gedman, M.A., & Blauwet, C.A. (2018). Participant-reported benefits of involvement in an adaptive sports program: A qualitative study. American Academy of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 10(5), 507515. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2017.10.008

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Martin, J.J., & Whalen, L. (2012). Self-concept and physical activity in athletes with physical disabilities. Disability and Health Journal, 5, 197200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2012.03.006

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Martin, J.J., & Whalen, L. (2014). Effective practices of coaching disability sport. European Journal of Adapted Physical Activity, 7(2), 1323. https://doi.org/10.5507/euj.2014.007

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Matteliano, M.A., & Stone, J.H. (2014). Cultural competence education in university rehabilitation programs. Journal of Cultural Diversity, 21(3), 112118.

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Meier, S., & Stutzer, A. (2007). Is volunteering rewarding in itself? Economica, 75(297), 3959. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0335.2007.00597.x

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Mezirow, J. (1978a). Education for perspective transformation: Women’s re-entry programs in community colleges. Teacher’s College, Columbia University.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Mezirow, J. (1978b). Perspective transformation. Adult Education, 28, 100110.

  • Michigan State University Adaptive Sports and Recreation Club. (2020). Program overview [Infographic]. https://www.dropbox.com/s/r0hldky3loj40y7/%28LG%29MAY2020UPDATE.PiotrPasik.MSU-ASRC.ProgramOverview2014-2020.pdf?dl=0

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Michigan State University 2030 Strategic Plan. (2021). MSU 2030, empowering excellence, advancing equity, and expanding impact. https://strategicplan.msu.edu/

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Orr, K., Evans, M.B., Tamminen, K.A., & Arbour-Nicitopoulos, K.P. (2020). A scoping review of recreational sport programs for disabled emerging adults. Research Quarterly for Exercise & Sport, 91, 142157. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2019.1653432

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Piliavin, J.A., & Siegl, E. (2007). Health benefits of volunteering in the Wisconsin longitudinal study. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 48(4), 450464. https://doi.org/10.1177/002214650704800408

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Richards, K.A.R., Eberline, A.D., Padaruth, S., & Templin, T.J. (2015). Experiential learning through a physical activity program for children with disabilities. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 34(2), 165188. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2014-0015

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Rimmer, J.H., Riley, B., Wang, E., Rauworth, A., & Jurkowski, J. (2004). Physical activity participation among persons with disabilities: Barriers and facilitators. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 26(5), 419425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2004.02.002

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Rochester, C., Paine, E.A., Howlett, S., & Zimmeck, M. (2016). Volunteering and society in the 21st century. Palgrave Macmillan.

  • Rubin, K.H., Bukowski, W.M., & Parker, J.G. (2006). Peer interactions, relationships, and groups. In N. Eisenberg, W. Damon, & R.M. Lerner (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Social, emotional, and personality development (pp. 571645). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Ryan, R.M., & Deci, E.L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 6878. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.55.1.68

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Schreier, M. (2014). Qualitative content analysis. The SAGE handbook of qualitative data analysis (pp. 170183). Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446282243.n12

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Smith, B., & McGannon, K.R. (2018). Developing rigor in qualitative research: Problems and opportunities within sport and exercise psychology. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 11(1), 101121. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984x.2017.1317357

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • United States Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2020). Healthy People 2020 [Internet]. https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/data/disparities/summary/Chart/5072/9

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Worker, S.M., Espinoza, D.M., Kok, C.M., Go, C., & Miller, J.L.C. (2020). Volunteer outcomes and impact: The contributions and consequences of volunteering in 4-H. Journal of Youth Development, 15(4), 631. https://doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2020.847

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
All Time Past Year Past 30 Days
Abstract Views 930 930 41
Full Text Views 81 81 5
PDF Downloads 103 103 7