Factors That Influence Physical Activity in Individuals With Down Syndrome: Perspectives of Guardians and Health Professionals

in Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly

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Emma E. SchultzMississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA

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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8962-3965*
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Katerina SergiMississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA

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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3777-0327
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Gregg TwietmeyerMississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA

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Nicolas M. OreskovicMassachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8702-8636
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Stamatis AgiovlasitisMississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA

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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2307-219X
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1123/apaq.2022-0103
Keywords:
barriers; facilitators; exercise; sport; intellectual disability
First Published Online:
08 Feb 2023
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Ahead of Print
Page Range:
1–20
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Identifying factors that influence physical activity (PA) among individuals with Down syndrome is essential for PA promotion. Insight can be gained from guardians and health professionals. The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives of guardians and health professionals on facilitators and barriers of PA in individuals with Down syndrome. Interviews were conducted with 11 guardians (five mothers, four fathers, and two legal guardians) and 11 professionals (four PA specialists, three physical therapists, and four occupational therapists). Grounded theory was applied. Barriers and facilitators fit the levels of the ecological model of health behavior: (a) intrapersonal (perceived rewards), (b) interpersonal (interaction), (c) community (availability of programs), (d) organizational (school systems), and (e) policy (education). Guardians and professionals agreed on the importance of enjoyment, interaction, and programs to promote PA. Differences between groups were identified at the organizational and policy levels. PA in persons with Down syndrome is influenced by interactions between individual and environmental factors.

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