An Existential Counseling Case Study: Navigating Several Critical Moments With a Professional Football Player

Click name to view affiliation

Samuel Porter School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom;

Search for other papers by Samuel Porter in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8140-6832 *
,
Noora Ronkainen Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Switzerland

Search for other papers by Noora Ronkainen in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3785-0458 *
,
Richard Sille School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom;

Search for other papers by Richard Sille in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1363-6043 *
, and
Martin Eubank School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom;

Search for other papers by Martin Eubank in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9696-0537 *
Restricted access

The current article presents a reflective case study following an applied service delivery experience with a 21-year-old professional footballer. The primary aim of the intervention was to support the client while facing several critical moments (breakdown in relationships, identity, and contract negotiations). This support involved creating a confidential space for her to discuss her values, beliefs, and identity while considering some of the tensions and dilemmas experienced while considering her future. Throughout this process, the first author adopted an existential counseling approach to practice and utilized the Four Dimensions of Existence and Emotional Compass as hermeneutic devices to analyze the client’s presenting challenges. The working relationship lasted for 3 months and spanned eight online sessions. Reflections on practitioner individuation and the value of adopting an existential approach to service delivery are provided.

Conflicts of interest: The authors have no known conflict of interest to disclose.

  • Collapse
  • Expand
  • Aggerholm, K. (2014). Talent development, existential philosophy and sport: On becoming an elite athlete. Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315775050

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Andersen, M. (2000). Doing sport psychology. Human Kinetics.

  • Brewer, B.W., Van Raalte, J.L., & Linder, D.E. (1993). Athletic identity: Hercules’ muscles or achilles heel? International Journal of Sport Psychology, 24(2), 237254. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1994-03969-001

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Clarkson, B., Culvin, A., Pope, S., & Parry, K. (2020). Covid-19: Reflections on threat and uncertainty for the future of elite women’s football in England. Managing Sport and Leisure, 25, 112. https://doi.org/10.1080/23750472.2020.1766377

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Cooper, M. (2015). Existential psychotherapy and counselling: Contributions to a pluralistic practice (1st ed.). Sage. https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12043

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Cooper, M. (2016). Existential therapies (2nd ed.). Sage.

  • Culvin, A. (2019). Football as work: The new realities of professional women footballers in England (Doctoral thesis). University of Central Lancashire, UCLan Repository. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/29714/

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Dale, G.A. (1996). Existential phenomenology: Emphasizing the experience of the athlete in sport psychology research. The Sport Psychologist, 10(4), 307321. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.10.4.307

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Darpatova-Hruzewicz, D. (2021). Reflexive confessions of a female sport psychologist: From REBT to existential counselling with a transnational footballer. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 13, 120. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2021.1885481

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Devaney, D.J., Nesti, M.S., Ronkainen, N.J., Littlewood, M., & Richardson, D. (2017). Athlete lifestyle support of elite youth cricketers: An ethnography of player concerns within a national talent development program. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 30(3), 300320. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200.2017.1386247

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Diment, G., Henriksen, K., & Hansen, J. (2020). Professional philosophy: Inside the delivery of sport psychology service at Team Denmark 2.0. Sport Science Review, 20(1–2), 521. https://doi.org/10.7146/sjsep.v2i0.115660

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Felder, A.J., & Robbins, B.D. (2011). A cultural-existential approach to therapy: Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology of embodiment and its implications for practice. Theory & Psychology, 21(3), 355376. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959354310397570

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Frankl, V.E. (2004). Man’s search for meaning: The classic tribute to hope from the Holocaust. Random House.

  • Hector, M.A., Raabe, J., & Wrisberg, C.A. (2017). Phenomenological consulting: A viable alternative for sport psychology practitioners. Journal of Sport Psychology in Action, 9(2), 111120. https://doi.org/10.1080/21520704.2017.1355862

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Lindsay, P., Breckon, J.D., Thomas, O., & Maynard, I.W. (2007). In pursuit of congruence: A personal reflection on methods and philosophy in applied practice. The Sport Psychologist, 21(3), 335352. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.21.3.335

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Lips-Wiersma, M., & Mcmorland, J. (2006). Finding meaning and purpose in boundaryless careers: A framework for study and practice. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 46(2), 147167. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167805283776

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Mortensen, J., Henriksen, K., & Stelter, R. (2013). Tales from the future: A narrative investigation of the imagined career paths of young athletes. Sport Science Review, 22(5–6), 305327. https://doi.org/10.2478/ssr-2013-0015

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Nesti, M. (2004). Existential psychology and sport. Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203483435

  • Nesti, M., Littlewood, M., O’Halloran, L., Eubank, M., & Richardson, D. (2012). Critical moments in elite premiership football: Who do you think you are? Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research, 56(1), 2332. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10141-012-0027-y

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Nesti, M., & Ronkainen, N. (2020). Existential approaches. In D. Tod, & M. Eubank (Eds.), Applied sport, exercise, and performance psychology: Approaches to helping clients (pp. 87101). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429503702-6

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Poczwardowski, A., Sherman, C.P., & Ravizza, K. (2004). Professional philosophy in the sport psychology service delivery: Building on theory and practice. The Sport Psychologist, 18(4), 445463. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.18.4.445

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Ravizza, K.H. (2002). A philosophical construct: A framework for performance enhancement. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 33(4), 418. https://kenravizza.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/A-Philosophical-Construct-Framework-for-Perf-Enhancement.pdf

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Richert, A. (2002). The self in narrative therapy: Thoughts from a humanistic/existential perspective. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 12(1), 77104. https://doi.org/10.1037/1053-0479.12.1.77

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Richert, A. (2010). Integrating existential and narrative therapy. Duquesne University Press.

  • Riessman, C. (2008). Narrative methods for the human sciences. SAGE.

  • Rogers, C.R. (1951). Client-centered therapy; Its current practice, implications, and theory. Constable.

  • Ronkainen, N.J., Aggerholm, K., Ryba, T.V., & Allen-Collinson, J. (2020). Learning in sport: From life skills to existential learning. Sport, Education and Society, 25, 114. https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2020.1712655

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Ronkainen, N.J., Tikkanen, O., Littlewood, M., & Nesti, M.S. (2015). An existential perspective on meaning, spirituality and authenticity in athletic careers. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 7(2), 253270. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676x.2014.926970

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Rønnestad, M.H., & Skovholt, T.M. (2003). The journey of the counsellor and therapist: Research findings and perspectives on professional development. Journal of Career Development, 30(1), 544. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1025128324011

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Ryba, T.V., Stambulova, N.B., & Ronkainen, N.J. (2016). The work of cultural transition: An emerging model. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 427. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00427

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Sille, R.A., Ronkainen, N.J., & Tod, D.A. (2020). Experiences leading elite motorcycle road racers to participate at the Isle of man Tourist Trophy (TT): An existential perspective. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 12(3), 431445. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1618387

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Sleeman, E., & Ronkainen, N. (2020). The professionalization of women’s football in England and its impact on coaches’ philosophy of practice. International Sport Coaching Journal, 7(3), 326–334. https://doi.org/10.1123/iscj.2019-0018

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Smith, B., & Sparkes, A. (2009). Narrative analysis and sport and exercise psychology: Understanding lives in diverse ways. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 10(2), 279288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2008.07.012

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Spinelli, E. (2006). The value of relatedness in existential psychotherapy and phenomenological enquiry. Indo-Pacific Journal of Phenomenology, 6(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.1080/20797222.2006.11433933

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Tod, D., & Bond, K. (2010). A longitudinal examination of a British neophyte sport psychologist’s development. The Sport Psychologist, 24(1), 3551. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.24.1.35

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Tod, D., Hutter, R.I., & Eubank, M. (2017). Professional development for sport psychology practice. Current Opinion in Psychology, 16, 134137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.05.007

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Tonn, E., & Harmison, R.J. (2004). Thrown to the wolves: A student’s account of her practicum experience. The Sport Psychologist, 18(3), 324340. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.18.3.324

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Van Deurzen, E. (2014). Structural existential analysis (SEA): A phenomenological method for therapeutic work. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 45(1), 5968. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10879-014-9282-z

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Van Deurzen, E., & Adams, M. (2016). Skills in existential counselling & psychotherapy. Sage.

  • Vos, J., Craig, M., & Cooper, M. (2015). Existential therapies: A meta-analysis of their effects on psychological outcomes. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 83(1), 115128. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037167

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Wadsworth, N., McEwan, H., Lafferty, M., Eubank, M.& Tod, D. (2020). The person behind the practitioner: Stories of critical moments contributing to the development of applied sport psychology practitioners. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 35, 1121. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2020-0085

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Woodhouse, D., Fielding-Lloyd, B., & Sequerra, R. (2019). Big brother’s little sister: The ideological construction of women’s super league. Sport in Society, 22(12), 20062023. https://doi.org/10.1080/17430437.2018.1548612

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Yalom, I.D. (1980). Existential psychotherapy. Basic Books.

  • Yanchar, S.C. (2015). Truth and disclosure in qualitative research: Implications of hermeneutic realism. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 12(2), 107124. https://doi.org/10.1080/14780887.2014.933460

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
All Time Past Year Past 30 Days
Abstract Views 2097 666 51
Full Text Views 97 56 17
PDF Downloads 92 38 10