Repeated-Sprint Exercise in the Heat Increases Indirect Markers of Gastrointestinal Damage in Well-Trained Team-Sport Athletes

in International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

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Alice WallettResearch Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
Australian Institute of Sport, Bruce, ACT, Australia

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Andrew McKuneResearch Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa

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David PyneResearch Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia

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David BishopInstitute of Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

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Olivier GirardSchool of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia

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Philo SaundersAustralian Institute of Sport, Bruce, ACT, Australia

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Julien PériardResearch Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2021-0150
Keywords:
gut; maximal exercise; endotoxemia; hyperthermia
First Published Online:
07 Feb 2022
In Print:
Volume 32: Issue 3
Page Range:
153–162
Restricted access

Introduction: Athletes engaged in repeated-sprint training in the heat can be at an increased risk of gastrointestinal ischemia and damage in response to a redistribution of blood to working skeletal muscles and the skin. This study investigated the effects of repeated sprinting in hot and cool conditions on markers of gastrointestinal damage. Methods: Twenty-five, well-trained, nonheat acclimated male team-sport athletes completed a five-session, repeated-sprint training regimen over 7 days in either HOT (40 °C and 40% relative humidity [RH]) or COOL (20 °C and 40% RH) conditions. Participants underwent a 20-min warm-up and four sets of 5 × 6-s maximal cycling sprints, with 24-s rest and 5-min recovery between sets. Venous blood was collected pre-, post-, and 1 hr postexercise and analyzed for intestinal fatty acid binding protein, lipopolysaccharide binding protein, soluble CD14, and heat-shock protein. Results: Intestinal fatty acid binding protein concentrations were significantly increased (p < .004) postexercise (593 and 454 pg/ml) and 1 hr postexercise (466 and 410 pg/ml) on both Days 1 and 5 in HOT. Soluble CD14 increased by 398 and 308 ng/ml postexercise (p = .041), and lipopolysaccharide binding protein increased by 1,694 ng/ml postexercise on Day 1 in HOT (p < .05) and by 1,520 ng/ml on Day 5 in COOL (p = .026). Core and skin temperature, rating of perceived exertion, and thermal sensation were higher (p < .05) in HOT on Days 1 and 5 during sprinting. Conclusions: Repeated sprinting in the heat induced greater thermal strain and mild changes in gastrointestinal damage, likely attributable to the combination of environmental conditions and maximal-intensity exercise.

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