The Impact of Multisession Sleep-Hygiene Strategies on Sleep Parameters in Elite Swimmers

in International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

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Florane Pasquier Laboratory of Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), French National Institute of Sport (INSEP), Paris, France

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Robin Pla Fédération Française de Natation, Clichy, France

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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8504-5069
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Laurent Bosquet Laboratory MOVE—UR20296—University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France

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Fabien Sauvet Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
EA7330 VIFASOM, Université de Paris, Hotel Dieu, Paris, France

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Mathieu Nedelec Laboratory of Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), French National Institute of Sport (INSEP), Paris, France

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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8095-9163 *
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D-Day Consortium
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2023-0018
Keywords:
sleepiness; athletes; sleep-hygiene training course
First Published Online:
14 Sep 2023
In Print:
Ahead of Print
Page Range:
1–9
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Purpose: Short sleep duration and poor sleep quality are common in swimmers. Sleep-hygiene strategies demonstrated beneficial effects on several sleep parameters. The present study assessed the impact of a multisession sleep-hygiene training course on sleep in elite swimmers. Methods: Twenty-eight elite swimmers (17 [2] y) participated. The sleep-hygiene strategy consisted of 3 interventions. Sleep was measured by actigraphy for 7 days before the beginning of the intervention (baseline), after the first collective intervention (postintervention), after the second collective intervention (postintervention 2), and, finally, after the individual intervention (postintervention 3). The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was completed concurrently. Swimmers were classified into 2 groups: nonsomnolent (baseline ESS score ≤ 10, n = 13) and somnolent (baseline ESS score ≥ 11, n = 15). Results: All swimmers had a total sleep time of <8 hours per night. Sixty percent of swimmers were moderately morning type. Later bedtime, less time in bed, and total sleep time were observed in the somnolent group compared with the nonsomnolent group at baseline. An interaction between training course and group factors was observed for bedtime, with a significant advance in bedtime between baseline, postintervention 2, and postintervention 3 for the somnolent group. Conclusions: The present study confirms the importance of implementing sleep-hygiene strategies, particularly in athletes with an ESS score ≥11. A conjunction of individual and collective measures (eg, earlier bedtime, napping, and delaying morning training session) could favor the total sleep time achieved.

Members of the D-Day Consortium are listed in the Acknowledgments section.

Pla https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8504-5069

Bosquet https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2530-2676

Sauvet https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4298-2319

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