Examining Multilevel Environmental Correlates of Physical Activity Among Older Adults With Multiple Sclerosis
in Journal of Aging and Physical ActivityClick name to view affiliation
Three hundred and sixty-three older adults with multiple sclerosis completed a cross-sectional study examining hierarchical correlates of physical activity using a social cognitive theory perspective within a social ecological model (i.e., built environment, social environment, and individual social cognitive theory variables). Hierarchical linear regression analyses were conducted, wherein significant associations were noted for built environment (i.e., land-use mix diversity and aesthetics) and physical activity in Step 1 (R2 = .09). Social and built environment were significant correlates in Step 2 (R2 = .15). Finally in Step 3, individual social cognitive theory variables (i.e., self-efficacy and outcome expectations) were the only significant correlates of total physical activity (R2 = .38). Results were comparable for health-promoting physical activity; however, self-efficacy was the only significant correlate in Step 3 (R2 = .36). This study provides guidance for researchers and practitioners on relevant targets for tailoring interventions for older adults with multiple sclerosis and supports an emphasis on self-efficacy as a primary predictor of health behavior change.
Silveira, Baird, and Motl are with the Department of Physical Therapy, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. Baird and Motl are also with the Center for Exercise Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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