Sex-Specific Associations Between Bone-Loading Score and Adiposity Markers in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

in Journal of Aging and Physical Activity

Click name to view affiliation

Harshvardhan Singh
Search for other papers by Harshvardhan Singh in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Bethany A. Moore
Search for other papers by Bethany A. Moore in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Roshita Rathore
Search for other papers by Roshita Rathore in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Michael G. Bemben
Search for other papers by Michael G. Bemben in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
, and
Debra A. Bemben
Search for other papers by Debra A. Bemben in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.2020-0200
Keywords:
body composition; fat; mechanical loading; women; postural stability; balance
First Published Online:
13 Aug 2021
In Print:
Volume 30: Issue 1
Page Range:
82–88
Restricted access

The authors examined sex-specific relationships between fat mass index (FMI), android/gynoid (A/G) fat ratio, relative skeletal muscle mass index, and Bone-Specific Physical Activity Questionnaire derived bone-loading scores (BLSs) in middle-aged and older adults (men, n = 27; women, n = 33; age = 55–75 years). The FMI, A/G fat ratio, and relative skeletal muscle mass index were estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The Bone-Specific Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess: (a) BLSpast (age 1 until 12 months before the study visit), (b) BLScurrent (last 12 months), and (c) BLStotal (average of [a] and [b]) scores. Separate multiple linear regression analysis of (a) age, FMI, and relative skeletal muscle mass index and (b) age, height, and A/G fat ratio versus BLS revealed that FMI and A/G fat ratio were negatively associated with BLSpast and BLStotal (p < .05) in women only. Adiposity and, specifically, central adiposity is negatively related to bone-loading physical activity in middle-aged and older women.

Singh, Moore, and Rathore are with the Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. Singh, M.G. Bemben, and D.A. Bemben are with the Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA. Moore is also with the Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. Rathore is also with the Department of Physical Therapy, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Singh (hsingh@uab.edu) is corresponding author.
  • Collapse
  • Expand

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity

Cover Journal of Aging and Physical Activity

  • Aurichio, R., Rebelatto, R., & Castro, A.P. (2011). The relationship between the body mass index (BMI) and foot posture in elderly people. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 52(2), e89–e92. PubMed ID: 20678817 doi:10.1016/j.archger.2010.06.014

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Ball, K., Crawford, D., & Owen, N. (2000). Too fat to exercise? Obesity as a barrier to physical activity. Australian and New Zeland Journal of Public Health, 24(3), 331–333. PubMed ID: 10937415 doi:10.1111/j.1467-842X.2000.tb01579.x

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Bann, D., Kuh, D., Wills, A.K., Adams, J., Brage, S., & Cooper, R. (2014). Physical activity across adulthood in relation to fat and lean body mass in early old age: Findings from the medical research council national survey of health and development, 1946–2010. American Journal of Epidemiology, 179(10), 1197–1207. PubMed ID: 24722997 doi:10.1093/aje/kwu033

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Blimkie, C.J., Sale, D.G., & Bar-Or, O. (1990). Voluntary strength, evoked twitch contractile properties and motor unit activation of knee extensors in obese and non-obese adolescent males. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 61(3–4), 313–318. PubMed ID: 2282918 doi:10.1007/BF00357619

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Bolam, K.A., Beck, B.R., Adlard, K.N., Skinner, T.L., Cormie, P., Galvão, D.A., … Taaffe, D.R. (2014). The relationship between BPAQ-derived physical activity and bone density of middle-aged and older men. Osteoporosis International, 25(11), 2663–2668. PubMed ID: 24993816 doi:10.1007/s00198-014-2797-z

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Bowling, A. (2005). Mode of questionnaire administration can have serious effects on data quality. Journal of Public Health, 27(3), 281–291. PubMed ID: 15870099 doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdi031

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Cieslinska-Swider, J., Furmanek, M.P., & Blaszczyk, J.W. (2017). The influence of adipose tissue location on postural control. Journal of Biomechanics, 60, 162–169. PubMed ID: 28705486 doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.06.027

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Clark, B.C., & Taylor, J.L. (2011). Age-related changes in motor cortical properties and voluntary activation of skeletal muscle. Current Aging Science, 4(3), 192–199. PubMed ID: 21529329 doi:10.2174/1874609811104030192

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Dulloo, A.G., Jacquet, J., Solinas, G., Montani, J.P., & Schutz, Y. (2010). Body composition phenotypes in pathways to obesity and the metabolic syndrome. International Journal of Obesity, 34, S4–S17. PubMed ID: 21151146 doi:10.1038/ijo.2010.234

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Foong, Y.C., Chherawala, N., Aitken, D., Scott, D., Winzenberg, T., & Jones, G. (2016). Accelerometer-determined physical activity, muscle mass, and leg strength in community-dwelling older adults. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, 7(3), 275–283. PubMed ID: 27239404 doi:10.1002/jcsm.12065

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Forbes, G.B. (2003). Some adventures in body composition, with special reference to nutrition. Acta Diabetologica, 40(Suppl. 1), S238–S241. PubMed ID: 14618482 doi:10.1007/s00592-003-0075-1

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Gretebeck, K.A., Sabatini, L.M., Balck, D.R., & Gretebeck, R.J. (2017). Physical activity, functional ability, and obesity in older adults: A gender difference. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 43(9), 38–46. PubMed ID: 28399320 doi:10.3928/00989134-20170406-03

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Guo, S.S., Zeller, C., Chumlea, W.C., & Siervogel, R.M. (1999). Aging, body composition and lifestyle: The Fels Longitudinal Study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 70(3), 405–411. PubMed ID: 10479203 doi:10.1093/ajcn/70.3.405

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Hardy, S., & Grogan, S. (2009). Preventing disability through exercise: Investigating older adults’ influences and motivations to engage in physical activity. Journal of Health Psychology, 14(7), 1036–1046. PubMed ID: 19786530 doi:10.1177/1359105309342298

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Hughes, V.A., Frontera, W.R., Roubenoff, R., Evans, W.J., & Fiatarone-Singh, M.A. (2002). Longitudinal changes in body composition in older men and women: Role of body weight change and physical activity. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 76(2), 473–481. PubMed ID: 12145025 doi:10.1093/ajcn/76.2.473

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Karvonen-Gutierrez, C., & Kim, C. (2016). Association of mid-life changes in body size, body composition and obesity status with the menopausal transition. Healthcare, 4(3), 42. PubMed ID: 27417630 doi:10.3390/healthcare4030042

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Kim, S., Baker, B.S., Sharma-Ghimire, P., Bemben, D.A., & Bemben, M.G. (2017). Association between bone-specific physical activity scores and measures of areal and volumetric bone mineral density and bone markers in middle-aged premenopausal women. Archives of Osteoporosis, 13(1), 83. PubMed ID: 30056572 doi:10.1007/s11657-018-0495-8

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Kim, S.J., So, W.Y., Kim, J., & Sung, D.J. (2016). Relationship between bone-specific physical activity scores and measures for body composition and bone mineral density in healthy young college women. PLoS One, 11(9), e0162127. PubMed ID: 27589270 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0162127

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Kindler, J.M., Ross, H.L., Laing, E.M., Modlesky, C.M., Pollock, N.K., … Lewis, R.D. (2015). Load-specific physical activity scores are related to tibia bone architecture. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 25(2), 136–144. PubMed ID: 25029040 doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2013-0258

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Kirby, K.A. (2017). Longitudinal arch load-sharing system of the foot. Revista Española de Podología, 28(1), e18–e26. doi:10.1016/j.repod.2017.03.003

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Kyle, U.G., Genton, L., & Pichard, C. (2002). Body composition: What’s new? Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care, 5(4), 427–433. PubMed ID: 12107379 doi:10.1097/00075197-200207000-00012

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Lafortuna, C.L., Maffiuletti, N.A., Agosti, F., & Sartorio, A. (2005). Gender variations of body composition, muscle strength and power output in morbid obesity. International Journal of Obesity, 29(7), 833–841. PubMed ID: 15917862 doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802955

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • McMillan, L., Zengin, A., Ebeling, P., & Scott, D. (2017). Prescribing physical activity for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in older adults. Healthcare, 5(4), 85. PubMed ID: 29113119 doi:10.3390/healthcare5040085

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • McPhee, J.S., French, D.P., Jackson, D., Nazroo, J., Pendleton, N., & Degens, H. (2016). Physical activity in older age: Perspectives for healthy ageing and frailty. Biogerontology, 17(3), 567–580. PubMed ID: 26936444 doi:10.1007/s10522-016-9641-0

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Meng, H., O’Connor, D.P., Lee, B.C., Layne, C.S., & Gorniak, S.L. (2016). Effects of adiposity on postural control and cognition. Gait and Posture, 43, 31–37. PubMed ID: 26669948 doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2015.10.012

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Mickle, K.J., Munro, Ã.B.J., Lord, Ã.S.R., Menz, H.B., & Steele, J.R. (2010). Foot pain, planta pressurs, and falls in older people: A prospective study. Journal of American Geriatrics Society, 58(10), 1936–1940. PubMed ID: 20831725 doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03061.x

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Moore, B.A., Bemben, D.A., Lein, D.H., Bemben, M.G., & Singh, H. (2020). Fat mass is negatively associated with muscle strength and jump test performance. The Journal of Frailty and Aging, 9(4), 214–218. PubMed ID: 32996557 doi:10.14283/jfa.2020.11

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Murabito, J.M., Pedley, A., Massaro, J.M., Vasan, R.S., Esliger, D., Blease, S.J., … Fox, C.S. (2015). Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity with accelerometry is associated with visceral adipose tissue in adults. Journal of the American Heart Association, 4(3), e001379. PubMed ID: 25736442 doi:10.1161/JAHA.114.001379

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Neri, S.G.R., Gadelha, A.B., Correia, A.L.M., Pereira, J.C., David, A.C., & Lima, R.M. (2017). Obesity is associated with altered plantar pressure distribution in older women. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 33(5), 323–329. PubMed ID: 28422549 doi:10.1123/jab.2016-0357

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Neri, S.G.R., Gadelha, A.B., David, A.C., Ferreira, A.P., Safons, M.P., … Lima, R.M. (2019). The association between body adiposity measures, postural balance, fear of falling, and fall risk in older community-dwelling women. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 42(3), E94–E100. PubMed ID: 29227413 doi:10.1519/JPT.0000000000000165

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Petersen, L., Schnohr, P., & Sørensen, T.I.A. (2004). Longitudinal study of the long-term relation between physical activity and obesity in adults. International Journal of Obesity, 28(1), 105–112. PubMed ID: 14647181 doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802548

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Physical status: The use and interpretation of anthropometry. Report of a WHO Expert Committee. (1995). World Health Organization Technical Report Series, 854, 1–452.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Riebe, D., Blissmer, B.J., Greaney, M.L, Garber, C.E., Lees, F.D., & Clark, P.G. (2009). The Relationship between obesity, physical activity, and physical function in older adults. Journal of Aging and Health, 21(8), 1159–1178. PubMed ID: 19897781 doi:10.1177/0898264309350076

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Singh, H., Kim, D., Bemben, M.G., & Bemben, D.A. (2017). Relationship between muscle performance and dxa-derived bone parameters in community-dwelling older adults. Journal of Musculoskeletal Neuronal Interactions, 17(2), 50–58. PubMed ID: 28574411

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Singh, H., Kim, D., Kim, E., Bemben, M.G., Anderson, M., Seo, D.I., & Bemben, D.A. (2014). Jump test performance and sarcopenia status in men and women, 55 to 75 years of age. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 37(2), 76–82. PubMed ID: 23959247 doi:10.1519/JPT.0b013e3182a51b11

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Straight, C.R., Brady, A.O., & Evans, E. (2015). Sex-specific relationships of physical activity, body composition, and muscle quality with lower-extremity physical function in older men and women. Menopause, 22(3), 297–303. PubMed ID: 25137244 doi:10.1097/GME.0000000000000313

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Tomlinson, D.J., Erskine, R.M., Morse, C.I., & Onambélé, G.L. (2019). Body fat percentage, body mass index, fat mass index and the ageing bone: Their singular and combined roles linked to physical activity and diet. Nutrients, 11(1), 195. PubMed ID: 30669348 doi:10.3390/nu11010195

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Tomlinson, D.J., Erskine, R.M., Winwood, K., Morse, C.I., & Onambélé, G.L. (2014). Obesity decreases both whole muscle and fascicle strength in young females but only exacerbates the aging-related whole muscle level asthenia. Physiological Reports, 2(6), e12030. PubMed ID: 24963030 doi:10.14814/phy2.12030

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Valentine, R.J., Misic, M.M., Rosengren, K.S., Woods, J.A., & Evans, E.M. (2009). Sex impacts the relation between body composition and physical function in older adults. Menopause, 16(3), 518–523. PubMed ID: 19423997 doi:10.1097/gme.0b013e31818c931f

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Visser, M., Langlois, J., Guralnik, J.M., Cauley, J.A., Kronmal, R.A., Robbins, J., … Harris, T.B. (1998). High body fatness, but not low fat-free mass, predicts disability in older men and women: The Cardiovascular Health Study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 68(3), 584–590. PubMed ID: 9734734 doi:10.1093/ajcn/68.3.584

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Walsh, J.M.E., Pressman, A.R., Cauley, J.A., & Browner, W.S. (2001). Predictors of physical activity in community-dwelling elderly white women. The Journal of General Internal Medicine, 16(11), 721–727. PubMed ID: 11722684 doi:10.1111/j.1525-1497.2001.00506.x

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Walsh, M.C., Hunter, G.R., Sirikul, B., & Gower, B.A. (2004). Comparison of self-reported with objectively assessed energy expenditure in black and white women before and after weight loss. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 79(6), 1013–1019. PubMed ID: 15159231 doi:10.1093/ajcn/79.6.1013

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Weeks, B.K., & Beck, B.R. (2008). The BPAQ: A bone-specific physical activity assessment instrument. Osteoporosis International, 19(11), 1567–1577. PubMed ID: 18414964 doi:10.1007/s00198-008-0606-2

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Weeks, B.K., Purvis, M., & Beck, B.R. (2016). Physical activity estimated by the bone-specific physical activity questionnaire is also associated with cardiovascular risk. European Journal of Sports Science, 16(8), 1204–1211. PubMed ID: 26937743 doi:10.1080/17461391.2016.1153726

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
All Time Past Year Past 30 Days
Abstract Views 3487 785 17
Full Text Views 45 22 3
PDF Downloads 39 8 0