Weight Loss and Exercise Effects on Rate of Torque Development and Physical Function in Overweight Older Women

in Journal of Aging and Physical Activity

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Ewan R. WilliamsDepartment of Health Sciences & Research, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA

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Chad R. StraightU.S. Army CCDC Solider Center, Natick, MA, USA

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Hannah K. WilsonNutrition and Dietetics, Concordia College, Moorhead, MN, USA

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Robert C. LynallDepartment of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA

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Chris M. GregoryDepartment of Health Sciences & Research, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA

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Ellen M. EvansDepartment of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.2022-0032
Keywords:
aging; power; combined intervention
First Published Online:
21 Nov 2022
In Print:
Ahead of Print
Page Range:
1–7
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Exercise training (EX) and weight loss (WL) improve lower extremity physical function (LEPF) in older overweight women; however, effects on rate of torque development (RTD) are unknown. This study aimed to determine the effects of WL + EX or WL alone on RTD, and relatedly LEPF, in overweight older women. Leg strength was assessed using isokinetic dynamometry, and RTD was calculated (RTD200 = RTD at 200 ms, RTDPeak = peak RTD, T2P = time to 1st peak). LEPF was determined via clinical functional tasks. Women (n = 44, 69.1 ± 3.6 years, 30.6 ± 4.3 kg/m2) completed a 6-month trial in EX + WL or WL groups with similar weight loss (−9.8 ± 4.2%, p > .95). EX + WL had greater improvements in (a) most LEPF tasks (p < .001) and (b) RTD200, compared with WL (36% vs. −16%, p = .031); no other RTD parameters differed. Changes in RTD parameters and LEPF were not related (all p > .05). RTD is responsive to EX but is not associated with LEPF in older women.

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