Effects of Physical Exercise on the P300 of Elderly With Alzheimer’s Disease

in Journal of Physical Activity and Health

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Renata Valle Pedroso
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José Maria Cancela
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Carlos Ayán
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Angelica Miki Stein
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Gilson Fuzaro
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José Luiz Riani Costa
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Francisco J. Fraga
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Ruth Ferreira Santos-Galduróz
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2017-0179
Keywords:
gerontology; mental health; neuroscience; rehabilitation
In Print:
Volume 15: Issue 6
Page Range:
403–410
Restricted access

Background: Evidence regarding the benefits of physical activity on the mental processing information of patients with Alzheimer’s disease assessed objectively is scarce and can be observed through event-related potentials, such as the P300. The aim of the study was to identify the effects of physical exercises on mental processing information in the elderly with Alzheimer’s disease through neurophysiological measures (P300 amplitude and latency) and reaction time. Methods: A total of 31 patients with Alzheimer’s disease participated in this study: 14 in functional exercise (FE) group and 17 in social gathering (SG) group who carried out three 1-hour sessions per week of FE and SG activities, respectively, for a 12-week period. All groups performed an auditory oddball task. A healthy elderly control group also participated. Results: Significant (P < .05) improvements were observed as a reduction of reaction time after intervention in the FE group (pre = 421.5 ms and post = 360.9 ms). Also, an increase of P300 amplitude at central midline (pre = 5.9 μV and post = 6.9 μV) and parietal midline (pre = 4.7 μV and post = 5.7 μV) was observed in the FE. Finally, a decrease in the P300 latency at frontal midline (pre = 377 ms and post = 367 ms) was observed in the SG after the intervention. Conclusion: Physical exercise decreases reaction time and suggests a recovery in cortical activity, whereas SG activities could probably facilitate information processing.

Pedroso, Stein, Fuzaro, Costa, and Santos-Galduróz are with the Physical Activity and Aging Lab (LAFE), Institute of Biosciences, Dept of Physical Education, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil. Cancela is with the Dept of Special Didatics, HalthyFit Group, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain. Ayán is with the Dept of Special Didatics, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain. Fraga is with the Engineering, Modelling and Applied Social Sciences Center (CECS), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil. Santos-Galduróz is also with the Center of Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil.

Pedroso (re.pedroso@hotmail.com) is corresponding author.
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