The South African 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Birth to 5 Years: An Integration of Physical Activity, Sitting Behavior, Screen Time, and Sleep
in Journal of Physical Activity and HealthClick name to view affiliation
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Background: In December 2018, the South African 24-hour movement guidelines for birth to 5 years were released. This article describes the process used to develop these guidelines. Methods: The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation-ADOLOPMENT approach was followed, with some pragmatic adaptions, using the Australian guidelines for the early years as a starting point. A consensus panel, including stakeholders in early childhood development and academics, was formed to assist with the development process. Results: At a face-to-face meeting of the panel, global and local literatures were considered. Following this meeting, a first draft of the guidelines (including a preamble) was formulated. Further reviews of these drafts by the panel were done via e-mail, and a working draft was sent out for stakeholder consultation. The guidelines and preamble were amended based on stakeholder input, and an infographic was designed. Practical “tips” documents were also developed for caregivers of birth to 5-year-olds and early childhood development practitioners. The guidelines (and accompanying documents) were released at a launch event and disseminated through various media channels. Conclusions: These are the first movement guidelines for South African and the first such guidelines for this age group from a low- and middle-income country.
Draper and Priorieschi are with South African MRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Draper, Tomaz, Cook, Lambert, and Rae are with the Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, UCT Research Centre for Health Through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. Biersteker and Giese are with Innovation Edge, Cape Town, South Africa. Couper is with the Division of Disability Studies, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa. de Milander is with the Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa. Flynn is with Independent Consultant, Early Childhood Development, Cape Town, South Africa. Krog is with the University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa. Liebenberg is with the Sports Science Institute of South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa. Mendoza is with the Laureus Sport for Good Foundation South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa. Nunes is with Independent Consultant, Paediatrics, Johannesburg, South Africa. Pienaar is with the Focus Area for Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, South Africa. Rahbeeni is with the Western Cape Foundation for Community Work. Reilly is with Physical Activity and Health Group, School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom. Reynolds is with the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa; and People’s Health Movement, Cape Town, South Africa. Samuels is with South African National Department of Basic Education, Pretoria, South Africa. Siljeur is with The African Sport Training Academy, Cape Town, South Africa. Urion is with the Department of Cultural Affairs and Sport, Western Cape Government, Cape Town, South Africa. van Wyk is with UCT Sleep Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa. Okely is with Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Supplementary Materials
- Supplementary Table 1 (PDF 469 KB)
- Supplementary Table 2 (PDF 634 KB)
- Supplementary Table 3 (PDF 326 KB)
- Supplementary Table 4 (PDF 360 KB)
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