Critical Review of Measurement Practices in the Study of Automatic Associations of Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, and Exercise

in Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology

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Zachary Zenko California State University Bakersfield

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Panteleimon Ekkekakis Iowa State University

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2017-0349
Keywords:
dual-process theories; measurement error; psychometrics; reliability; validity
In Print:
Volume 41: Issue 5
Page Range:
271–288
Restricted access

Studies of automatic associations of sedentary behavior, physical activity, and exercise are proliferating, but the lack of information on the psychometric properties of relevant measures is a potential impediment to progress. The purpose of this review was to critically summarize measurement practices in studies examining automatic associations related to sedentary behavior, physical activity, and exercise. Of 37 studies, 27 (73%) did not include a justification for the measure chosen to assess automatic associations. Additional problems have been noted, including the nonreporting of psychometric information (validity, internal consistency, test–retest reliability) and the lack of standardization of procedures (e.g., number, type of stimuli). The authors emphasize the need to select measures based on conceptual arguments and psychometric evidence and to standardize measurement procedures. To facilitate progress, the review concludes with a proposal for conceptually appropriate validation criteria to be used in future studies.

Zenko is with the Dept. of Kinesiology, California State University Bakersfield, Bakersfield, CA. Ekkekakis is with the Dept. of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.

Zenko (zzenko@csub.edu) is corresponding author.
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