Decay of Short-Term Motor Memory Regarding Force Reproduction

in Motor Control

Click name to view affiliation

Koichi Hiraoka Department of Rehabilitation Science, School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Habikino, Japan

Search for other papers by Koichi Hiraoka in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
*
,
Masaya Ishimoto College of Health and Human Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Habikino, Japan

Search for other papers by Masaya Ishimoto in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Mai Kishigami College of Health and Human Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Habikino, Japan

Search for other papers by Mai Kishigami in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Ryota Sakaya College of Health and Human Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Habikino, Japan

Search for other papers by Ryota Sakaya in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Asahi Sumimoto College of Health and Human Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Habikino, Japan

Search for other papers by Asahi Sumimoto in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
, and
Kazuki Yoshikawa College of Health and Human Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Habikino, Japan

Search for other papers by Kazuki Yoshikawa in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1123/mc.2022-0070
Keywords:
retention interval; forgetting; memory decay
First Published Online:
29 Nov 2022
In Print:
Volume 27: Issue 2
Page Range:
338–353
Restricted access

This study investigated the process that contributes to the decay of short-term motor memory regarding force reproduction. Participants performed tonic flexion of the right index finger with the target force feedback (criterion phase) and reproduced this force level without feedback 3, 10, 30, or 60 s after the end of the criterion phase (recall phase). The constant error for force reproduction was significantly greater than zero, indicating that information about the somatosensation and/or motor command in the criterion phase is positively biased. Constant and absolute errors were not influenced by the retention interval, indicating that neither bias nor error represents the decay of short-term motor memory over time. Variable error, defined as SD of bias (force in the recall phase minus that in the criterion phase), increased as the retention interval increased. This indicates that the decay of short-term motor memory is represented by the increase in inconsistency of memory bias among the trials. The correlation coefficient of the force between the criterion and recall phases with 3-s retention interval was greater than that with longer intervals. This is explained by the view that the contribution of the information of the practiced force to the force reproduction process is great within 3 s after the end of the practice, but the additional contribution of the noise information becomes greater after this time, causing lesser relative contribution of the information of the practiced force to the force reproduction process.

Hiraoka (hiraoka@omu.ac.jp) is corresponding author.

  • Collapse
  • Expand

Motor Control

Cover Motor Control

  • Aben, B., Stapert, S., & Blokland, A. (2012). About the distinction between working memory and short-term memory. Frontiers in Psychology, 3, Article 301. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00301

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Abolins, V., & Latash, M.L. (2022). Unintentional force drifts as consequences of indirect force control with spatial referent coordinates. Neuroscience, 481, 156–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.11.006

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Adams, J.A., & Dijkstra, S. (1966). Short-term memory for motor responses. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 71(2), 314. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0022846

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Ambike, S., Zatsiorsky, V.M., & Latash, M.L. (2015). Processes underlying unintentional finger-force changes in the absence of visual feedback. Experimental Brain Research, 233(3), 711–721. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-014-4148-x

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Baddeley, A. (2012). Working memory: Theories, models, and controversies. Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 1–29.

  • Balamurugan, S., Dhanush, R., & Varadhan, S.K.M. (2021). Role of post-trial visual feedback on unintentional force drift during isometric finger force production tasks. Motor Control, 26(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1123/mc.2020-0031

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Bloemsaat, J.G., Meulenbroek, R.G., & Van Galen, G.P. (2005). Differential effects of mental load on proximal and distal arm muscle activity. Experimental Brain Research, 167(4), 622–634. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-005-0066-2

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Brindle, T.J., Nitz, A.J., Uhl, T.L., Kifer, E., & Shapiro, R. (2004). Measures of accuracy for active shoulder movements at 3 different speeds with kinesthetic and visual feedback. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 34(8), 468–478. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2004.34.8.468

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Brown, J. (1958). Some tests of the decay theory of immediate memory. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 10(1), 12–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470215808416249

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Cowan, N. (2008). What are the differences between long-term, short-term, and working memory? Progress in Brain Research, 169, 323–338.

  • Cuadra, C., Corey, J., & Latash, M.L. (2021). Distortions of the efferent copy during force perception: A study of force drifts and effects of muscle vibration. Neuroscience, 457, 139–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.01.006

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Davis, J.D., Filoteo, J.V., & Kesner, R.P. (2007). Is short-term memory for discrete arm movements impaired in Huntington’s disease? Cortex, 43(2), 255–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70480-5

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Fitts, P.M., & Posner, M.I. (1967). Human performance. Brooks/Cole.

  • Fowler, S.C., & Notterman, J.M. (1975). An observed short-term motor memory effect for isometric force emission. Perception & Psychophysics, 17(4), 393–397. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03199352

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Godinho, P., Nicoliche, E., Cossich, V., Sousa, E.B.D., Velasques, B., & Salles, J.I. (2014). Proprioceptive deficit in patients with complete tearing of the anterior cruciate ligament. Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia, 49(6), 613–618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbo.2013.08.010

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Kolb, B., & Whishaw, I.Q. (2009). Fundamentals of human neuropsychology. Macmillan.

  • Laabs, G.J. (1973). Retention characteristics of different reproduction cues in motor short-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 100(1), 168. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0035502

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Lee, T.D., & Weeks, D.J. (1987). The beneficial influence of forgetting on shorterm retention of movement information. Human Movement Science, 6(3), 233–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-9457(87)90014-5

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Neely, K.A., Samimy, S., Blouch, S.L., Wang, P., Chennavasin, A., Diaz, M.T., & Dennis, N.A. (2017). Memory-guided force control in healthy younger and older adults. Experimental Brain Research, 235(8), 2473–2482. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-017-4987-3

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Norrie, M.L. (1968). Short-term memory trace decay in kinesthetically monitored force reproduction. Research Quarterly. American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation, 39(3), 640–646. https://doi.org/10.1080/10671188.1968.10616591

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • O’Sullivan, K., Verschueren, S., Van Hoof, W., Ertanir, F., Martens, L., & Dankaerts, W. (2013). Lumbar repositioning error in sitting: Healthy controls versus people with sitting-related non-specific chronic low back pain (flexion pattern). Manual Therapy, 18(6), 526–532.

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Oda, H., Sawaguchi, Y., Kawasaki, T., Fukuda, S., & Hiraoka, K. (2021). Influence of the inter-trial interval, movement observation, and hand dominance on the previous trial effect. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 15, Article 761514. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.761514

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Oda, H., Sawaguchi, Y., Kunimura, H., Kawasaki, T., & Hiraoka, K. (2021a). Current movement follows previous nontarget movement with somatosensory stimulation. Motor Control, 25(4), 553–574. https://doi.org/10.1123/mc.2020-0057

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Oda, H., Sawaguchi, Y., Kunimura, H., Kawasaki, T., & Hiraoka, K. (2021b). Supplementary motor area contributes to carrying previous movement information over to current movement. Neuroreport, 32(3), 223–227. https://doi.org/10.1097/WNR.0000000000001578

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Oldfield, R.C. (1971). The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory. Neuropsychologia, 9(1), 97–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-3932(71)90067-4

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Parsa, B., Terekhov, A., Zatsiorsky, V.M., & Latash, M.L. (2017). Optimality and stability of intentional and unintentional actions: I. Origins of drifts in performance. Experimental Brain Research, 235(2), 481–496. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-016-4809-z

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Parsa, B., Zatsiorsky, V.M., & Latash, M.L. (2017). Optimality and stability of intentional and unintentional actions: II. Motor equivalence and structure of variance. Experimental Brain Research, 235(2), 457–470. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-016-4806-2

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Pepper, R.L., & Herman, L.M. (1970). Decay and interference effects in the short-term retention of a discrete motor act. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 83(2), 1. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0028572

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Solnik, S., Qiao, M., & Latash, M.L. (2017). Effects of visual feedback and memory on unintentional drifts in performance during finger-pressing tasks. Experimental Brain Research, 235(4), 1149–1162. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-017-4878-7

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Stelmach, G.E. (1973). Feedback—A determiner of forgetting in short-term motor memory. Acta Psychologica, 37(5), 333–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6918(73)90010-3

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Talis, V.L., Kazennikov, O.V., Castellote, J.M., Grishin, A.A., & Ioffe, M.E. (2014). Prior history of FDI muscle contraction: Different effect on MEP amplitude and muscle activity. Experimental Brain Research, 232(3), 803–810. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-013-3789-5

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Vaillancourt, D.E., & Russell, D.M. (2002). Temporal capacity of short-term visuomotor memory in continuous force production. Experimental Brain Research, 145(3), 275–285. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-002-1081-1

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
All Time Past Year Past 30 Days
Abstract Views 1383 1382 141
Full Text Views 29 29 0
PDF Downloads 39 39 0