Clusters of Activity-Related Social and Physical Home Environmental Factors and Their Association With Children’s Home-Based Physical Activity and Sitting

in Pediatric Exercise Science

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Michael P. SheldrickResearch Centre in Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM), Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom

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Clover MaitlandCentre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia

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Kelly A. MackintoshResearch Centre in Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM), Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom

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Michael RosenbergSchool of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia

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Lucy J. GriffithsHealth Data Research UK, Wales and Northern Ireland, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom

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Richard FryHealth Data Research UK, Wales and Northern Ireland, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom

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Gareth StrattonResearch Centre in Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM), Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom

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Purpose: Understanding which physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior correlates cluster in children is important, particularly in the home, where children spend significant time. Therefore, this study aimed to assess clustering of physical and social activity-related factors at home, and whether these clusters are related to home-based sitting and PA in children. A secondary aim was to explore whether the clusters were associated with child, parent, and family characteristics. Methods: Altogether, 235 children (55% girls, mean age = 10.2 [0.7] y) and their parents took part. Physical (eg, PA and electronic media equipment, house and garden size, layout) and social (eg, activity preferences, priorities, parental rules) home environmental factors were obtained via the HomeSPACE-II audit and self-report, respectively. Principal component analysis was used to identify clusters of physical and social environmental factors. Backward regression analysis and partial correlations were used to examine relationships between clusters, children’s device-measured home-based activity behaviors, and background characteristics. Results: The findings show that physical and social environment activity-related factors at home cluster. The clusters were associated with several background characteristics, with socioeconomic factors appearing to be particularly influential. The clusters were also associated with home-based activity behaviors in the hypothesized directions. Conclusion: Interventions which target clusters of social and physical factors at home, especially among low-socioeconomic status families, are warranted.

Sheldrick (michael.sheldrick@swansea.ac.uk) is corresponding author.

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