In Search of a Five-Star: The Centrality of Body Discourses in the Scouting of High School Football Players

Click name to view affiliation

Derek M.D. Silva King’s University College at Western University

Search for other papers by Derek M.D. Silva in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
*
,
Roy Bower Xavier University

Search for other papers by Roy Bower in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
*
, and
William Cipolli III Colgate University

Search for other papers by William Cipolli III in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
*
Restricted access

This study explores how high school football athletes’ bodies are constructed within the context of contemporary scouting regimes. Deploying a quantitative approach, we analyze 6600 scouting reports on a total of 1650 high school football athletes available online from four high-profile media outlets which offer ‘expert’ analyses of athletes’ body characteristics, performance, and estimated potential. The findings indicate that subjective measurements of the athlete’s body are the best predictors of hierarchical classification. The findings also indicate that objective measurements do not seem to predict the subjective assessment of those very athletic bodies. We argue that the evaluation of high school football athletes by so-called expert analysts is remarkably arbitrary, and thus call into question the very practice of football scouting that has become so dominant and influential. ‘Scouts’ promote a system of scrutiny that contributes the reification of hegemonic relations between the observers and the observed.

Silva is with the Department of Sociology, King’s University College at Western University, London, Ontario, Canada. Bower is with the Department of Mathematics, Xavier University, Cincinnati, OH. Cipolli is with the Department of Mathematics, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY.

Address author correspondence to Derek M.D. Silva at dsilva28@uwo.ca.
  • Collapse
  • Expand
  • Agresti, A. (1990). Categorical data analysis. New York, NY: Wiley.

  • Amato, L. (2016, December 20). Bulldog’s best: Five-star poly football standout commits to Georgia. Courier Life’s Brooklyn Daily. Retrieved from http://www.brooklyndaily.com/stories/2016/52/sp-isaiah-wilson-college-2016-12-23-bd.html

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Andrews, D.L. (1993). Desperately seeking Michel: Foucault’s genealogy, the body, and critical sport sociology. Sociology of Sport Journal, 10(2), 148167. doi:10.1123/ssj.10.2.148

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Appadrai, A. (1996). Modernity at large: Cultural dimensions of globalization. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.

  • Banet-Weiser, S. (1999). The most beautiful girl in the World: Beauty pageants and national identity. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Bartky, S.L. (1990). Feminism and domination: Studies in the phenomenology of oppression. London, UK: Routledge.

  • Bordo, S. (1989). The body and the reproduction of femininity: A feminist appropriation of foucault. In A.M. Jaggar & S.R. Bordo (Eds.), Gender/Body/Knowledge (pp. 1333). New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Bordo, S. (1993). Unbearable weight: Feminism, western culture, and the body. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

  • Carrington, B. (1998). Sport, masculinity, and black cultural resistance. Journal of Sport & Social Issues, 22(3), 275298. doi:10.1177/019372398022003004

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Cole, C.L. (1993). Resisting the cannon: Feminist cultural studies, sport, and technologies of the body. Journal of Sport & Social Issues, 17(2), 7797. doi:10.1177/019372359301700202

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Cox, B., & Thompson, S. (2000). Multiple bodies: Sportswomen, soccer and sexuality. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 35(1), 520. doi:10.1177/101269000035001001

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Cunningham, G.B. (2010). Understanding the under-representation of African American coaches: A multilevel perspective. Sport Management Review, 13(4), 395406. doi:10.1016/j.smr.2009.07.006

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • De Swert, K. (2012). Calculating inter-coder reliability in media content analysis using Krippendorff’s Alpha. Retrieved from http://www.polcomm.org/wp-content/uploads/ICR01022012.pdf

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Domenchich, T. & McFadden, D. (1975). Urban travel demand: A behavioral analysis. Amsterdam, NL: North-Holland.

  • Eitzen, S. (2000, September). Slaves of big-time college sports. USA Today: The Magazine of the American Scene, 120, pp. 2630.

  • Eitzen, S. (2012). The big-time college sports plantation and the slaves who drive it. In D.S. Eitzen (Ed.), Sport in Contemporary Society: An Anthology (7th ed., pp. 243253). New York, NY: Taylor & Francis.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Elling, A. (2015). Assessing the sociology of sport: On reintegrating quantitative methods and gender research. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 50(4–5), 430436. doi:10.1177/1012690214543124

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Foucault, M. (1977). Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison. New York, NY: Vintage.

  • Foucault, M. (1978). The history of sexuality, Volume One: An introduction. New York, NY: Vintage.

  • Gilroy, S. (1997). Working on the body: Links between physical activity and social power. In G. Clark & B. Humberstone (Eds.), Researching women and sport (pp. 96112). London, UK: Macmillan.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Gould, S.J. (1981). The mismeasure of man. New York, NY: Norton.

  • Hacking, I. (1991). How should we do the history of statistics? In G. Burchell, C. Gordon, & P. Miller (Eds.), The foucault effect: Studies in governmentality (pp. 181196). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Hall, M.A. (1996). Feminism and sporting bodies. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

  • Hargreaves, J. (1987). The body, sport, and power relations. In J. Horne, D. Jary, & A. Tomlinson (Eds.), Sport, leisure, and social relations (pp. 137159). London, UK: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Hayes, A.F., & Krippendorff, K. (2007). Answering the call for a standard reliability measure for coding data. Communication Methods and Measures, 1(1), 7789. doi:10.1080/19312450709336664

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Johnson, W. (2000). The slave trader, the white slave, and the politics of racial determination in the 1850s. The Journal of American History, 87(4), 1338. doi:10.2307/2567914

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Jones, I. (1997). Mixing qualitative and quantitative methods in sports fan research. The Qualitative Report, 3(4), 18.

  • Katz, J. (1995). Advertising and construction of violent white masculinity. In G. Dines & J. Humes (Eds.), Gender, race and class in media: A text reader (pp. 133141). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • King, S. (1993). The politics of the body and the body politic: Magic Johnson and the ideology of aids. Sociology of Sport Journal, 10(3), 270285. doi:10.1123/ssj.10.3.270

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Kotz, N. (1988). The minority struggle for a place in the newsroom. Columbia Journalism Review, 17(6), 2331.

  • Lapchick, R. (2016). The 2016 Racial and Gender Report Card: College Sport. Orlando, FL: The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport, University of Central Florida.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Lapchick, R., Hoff, B., & Kaiser, C. (2012). The 2012 racial and gender report card: College sport. Orlando, FL: The Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport, University of Central Florida.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Larson, S.G. (2006). Media & minorities: The politics of race in news and entertainment. New York, NY: Rowman & Littlefield.

  • McKay, J. (1991). No pain, no gain? Sport and Australian culture. Sydney, Australia: Prentice Hall.

  • Messner, M. (1990). When bodies are weapons: Masculinity and violence in sport. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 25(3), 203220. doi:10.1177/101269029002500303

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Messner, M., Dunbar, M., & Hunt, D. (2000). The televised sports manhood formula. Journal of Sport & Social Issues, 24(4), 380394. doi:10.1177/0193723500244006

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Neuendorf, K.A. (2009). Reliability for content analysis. In A.B. Jordan, D. Kunkel, J. Manganello, & M. Fishbein (Eds.), Media messages and public health: A decisions approach to content analysis (pp. 6787). New York, NY: Routledge.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Nishikawa, K.A., Towner, T.L., Clawson, R.A., & Waltenburg, E.N. (2009). Interviewing the interviewers: Journalistic norms and racial diversity in the newsroom. The Howard Journal of Communication, 20(3), 242259. doi:10.1080/10646170903070175

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Nusser, J. (2016, January 31). Rivals, Scout, ESPN, 247: Star rating systems explained. Cougcenter.com. Retrieved from http://www.cougcenter.com/wsu-football-recruiting/2013/2/5/3956800/rivals-scout-espn-247-star-rating-system-national-signing-day

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Oates, T.P. (2007). The erotic gaze of the NFL Draft. Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies, 4(1), 7490. doi:10.1080/14791420601138351

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Oates, T.P., & Durham, M.G. (2004). The mismeasure of masculinity: The male body, ‘race’ and power in the enumerative discourses of the NFL Draft. Patterns of Prejudice, 38(3), 301320. doi:10.1080/0031322042000250475

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Pringle, R. (2005). Masculinities, sport, and power: A critical comparison of the Gramscian and Foucauldian inspired theoretical tools. Journal of Sport & Social Issues, 29(3), 256278. doi:10.1177/0193723505276228

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Pringle, R., & Falcous, M. (2016). Transformative research and epistemological hierarchies: Ruminating on how the sociology of the sport field could make more of a difference. International Review for the Sociology of Sport. doi:10.1177/1012690216654297

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Singler, J.N., Harrison, C.K., & Bukstein, S.C. (2010). A critical race analysis of the hiring process for head coaches in NCAA college football. Journal of Intercollegiate Sport, 3(2), 270296. doi:10.1123/jis.3.2.270

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Southall, R.M., & Staurowsky, E. (2013). Cheering on the collegiate model: Creating, disseminating, and imbedding the NCAA’s redefinition of amateurism. Journal of Sport & Social Issues, 37(4), 403429. doi:10.1177/0193723513498606

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Treichler, P.A.. (1990). Feminism, medicine, and th meaning of childbirth. In M. Jacobus, E.F. Keller & S. Shuttleworth (Eds.), Body/politics: Women and the discourses of science (pp. 113138). London: Routledge.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Trujillo, N. (1995). Machines, missiles, and men: Images of the male body on ABC’s Monday Night Football. Sociology of Sport Journal, 12(4), 403423. doi:10.1123/ssj.12.4.403

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Tyson, D. (2017, January 1). At All-America game, Georgia lands another five-star recruit. Espn.com. Retrieved from http://www.espn.com/college-football/story/_/id/18387750/deangelo-gibbs-commits-georgia-bulldogs-all-america-game

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • University of Alabama. (2017, February 2). Crimson Tide finish No. 1 recruiting class in 2017. Retrieved from http://www.rolltide.com/news/2017/2/1/football-crimson-tide-finish-with-no-1-recruiting-class-in-2017html.aspx?path=football

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
All Time Past Year Past 30 Days
Abstract Views 1561 384 14
Full Text Views 137 26 2
PDF Downloads 80 16 0