Orthogonality of Achievement Goals and Its Relationship to Beliefs about Success and Satisfaction in Sport
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The present study examined the relationship between dispositional achievement goal orientations and satisfaction and beliefs about success in sport. Participants were 333 students who were administered the Perception of Success Questionnaire (POSQ) (Roberts & Balague, 1989,1991; Roberts, Treasure, & Balague, 1995), Beliefs about Success, and Satisfaction/Interest/Boredom Questionnaires (Duda & Nicholls, 1992). Consistent with theory (Nicholls, 1984, 1989) and previous research, task and ego goal orientations were found to be orthogonal. Following an extreme group split of the task and ego subscales of the POSQ, results of a 2 X 2 (High/Low Ego; High/Low Task) multivariate analyses of variance revealed a significant interaction effect between task and ego orientation. Specifically, participants high in ego and low in task orientation believed effort to be less a cause of success while high tasMow ego-oriented individuals were the least likely to attribute success to external factors. The findings are discussed in terms of their motivational implications for athletes.
Glyn C. Roberts is with the Department of Kinesiology at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801. Darren Treasure is with the Department of Health, Recreation, and Physical Education at Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, IL 62026. Maria Kavussanu is with the Department of Health, Physical Education, and Recreation at Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61761.
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