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Adaptation is defined here as the end point in a process, when people respond in a positive manner to hardship, threat, and challenge, including monumental sport tests, such as international tournaments. Recently, there have been formal research investigations where adaptation has been considered as a provisional framework, with a more formal structure of pathways. Sport scholars have studied Olympic and professional athletes, provided support for a theoretical framework, and identified provisional substrategies for each pathway. In this article the authors situate adaptation within a larger discourse of related interventions, including coping and self-regulation. Subsequently, adaptation is proposed as a comprehensive intervention strategy for elite athletes during monumental sport environments.
Schinke and Battochio are with the School of Human Kinetics, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. Tenenbaum is with Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL. Lidor is with the Zinman College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Wingate Institute, and the University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.