Dynamic Stability of Task-Related Thoughts in Trained Runners

in The Sport Psychologist

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Sergi García University of Barcelona

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Selen Razon Ball State University

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Robert Hristovski Ss. Cyril and Methodius University

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Natàlia Balagué Florida State University

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Gershon Tenenbaum Florida State University

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2014-0094
Keywords:
runners; task-related thoughts; nonlinear dynamic systems approach
In Print:
Volume 29: Issue 4
Page Range:
302–309
Restricted access

Drawing upon the nonlinear model of attention focus, the purpose of this study was to compare the intrinsic and intentional dynamics of task-related thoughts (TRT) in trained runners and nonrunners during an incremental maximal test. Fourteen trained runners and 14 nonrunners were assigned to 2 conditions: intrinsic (nonimposed thoughts) and intentional (imposed, task-unrelated thoughts; TUT). A significant effect of running velocity over TUT/TRT dynamics in both groups and conditions was observed (p < .001). Although, all participants received instructions to keep TUT for the entire duration of the test, an initially stable TUT phase was followed by a metastable phase (i.e., switches between TUT and TRT) an a final stable TRT phase nearing volitional exhaustion. The stable TRT phase lasted longer in runners group (p < .05) and included higher probabilities in pace monitoring thoughts subcategory (p < .05). The results revealed that trained runners seem to use TRT (i.e., pace monitoring) to maximize performance, and confirm the nonlinear model of attention focus during incremental maximal run in trained runners and nonrunners.

García and Balagué are with the National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia, University Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Razon is with the School of PE, Sport and Exercise Science, Ball State University, Muncie, IN. Hristovski is with the Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Macedonia. Tenenbaum is with the Dept. of Educational Psychology and Learning Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL.

Address author correspondence to Natàlia Balagué at nataliabalague@gmail.com.
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