Implementation and Evaluation of a Performance-Profile Intervention With College Dancers

Click name to view affiliation

Elmer A. Castillo Saint Francis University

Search for other papers by Elmer A. Castillo in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
*
and
Graig M. Chow Florida State University

Search for other papers by Graig M. Chow in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
*
Restricted access

The purpose of this study was to systematically examine the impact of a revised performance-profile (PP) intervention on college dancers’ self-awareness and behavior-change levels. The secondary aim was to assess dancers’ perceptions of the benefits and future use of the revised-PP technique. Forty-four dancers were randomly allocated to a revised-PP condition or a didactic-PP condition to examine the pre–post impacts of a single PP intervention on the outcome measures. Results revealed significant differences in the pre–postintervention self-awareness scores between conditions, with a significant increase in the revised-PP condition and a decrease in the didactic-PP condition. There was no significant difference in pre–post behavior scores between the experimental and active-control conditions. Revised-PP participants indicated that the intervention provided several benefits and that they were highly likely to use their individual PPs again in the future.

Castillo is with the Dept. of Psychology, Saint Francis University, Loretto, PA. Chow is with the Dept. of Educational Psychology and Learning Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL.

Castillo (jecastillo2906@gmail.com) is corresponding author.
  • Collapse
  • Expand
  • Butler, R. (1995). Athlete assessment: The performance profile. Coaching Focus, 29, 1820.

  • Butler, R. (1997). Performance profiling: Assessing the way forward. In R.J. Butler (Ed.), Sports psychology in performance (pp. 3348). Oxford, UK: Butterworth-Heinemann.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Butler, R.J., & Hardy, L. (1992). The performance profile: Theory and application. The Sport Psychologist, 6, 253264. doi:10.1123/tsp.6.3.253

  • Butler, R.J., Smith, M., & Irwin, I. (1993). The performance profile in practice. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 5, 4863. doi:10.1080/10413209308411304

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Carver, C.S., & Scheier, M.F. (1998). On the self-regulation of behavior. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.

  • Deci, E.L., & Ryan, R.M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. New York, NY: Plenum.

  • Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.G., & Buchner, A. (2007). Using G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39, 175191. PubMed ID: 17695343 doi:10.3758/BF03193146

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Fenigstein, A., Scheier, M.F., & Buss, A.H. (1975). Public and private self-consciousness: Assessment and theory. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 43, 522527. doi:10.1037/h0076760

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Goldschmidt, H. (2002). Dancing with your head on: Mental imagery techniques for dancers. Journal of Dance Education, 2, 1522. doi:10.1080/15290824.2002.10387202

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Gucciardi, D.F., & Gordon, S. (2009a). Construing the athlete and exerciser: Research and applied perspectives from personal construct psychology. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 21, S17S33. doi:10.1080/10413200802582821

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Gucciardi, D.F., & Gordon, S. (2009b). Revisiting the performance profile technique: Theoretical underpinnings and application. The Sport Psychologist, 23, 93117. doi:10.1123/tsp.23.1.93

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Gucciardi, D.F., Gordon, S., & Dimmock, J.A. (2009). Advancing mental toughness research and theory using personal construct psychology. International Review of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 2, 5472. doi:10.1080/17509840802705938

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Hancox, J.E., Quested, E., Viladrich, C., & Duda, J.L. (2015). Examination of the internal structure of the Behavioural Regulation in Sport questionnaire among dancers. International Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 13(4), 382397. doi:10.1080/1612197X.2014.999347

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Hanrahan, S.J. (1996). Dancers’ perceptions of psychological skills. Revista de Psicologia del Deporte, 9–10, 1927.

  • Hanrahan, S.J., Pedro, R., & Cerin, E. (2009). Structured self-reflection as a tool to enhance perceived performance and maintain effort in adult recreational salsa dancers. The Sport Psychologist, 23, 151169. doi:10.1123/tsp.23.2.151

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Heil, J., Sagal, M., & Nideffer, R. (1997). The business of sport psychology consulting. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 9, S109.

  • Jones, G. (1993). The role of performance profiling in cognitive behavioral interventions in sport. The Sport Psychologist, 7, 160172. doi:10.1123/tsp.7.2.160

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Kelly, G.A. (1955/1991). (Original work published 1955). The psychology of personal constructs: A theory of personality (Vol. 1). London, UK: Routledge

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Loehr, J.E. (1991). Mental toughness training for sports: Achieving athletic excellence. New York, NY: Plume.

  • Noh, Y., & Morris, T. (2004). Designing research-based interventions for the prevention of injury in dance. Medical Problems of Performing Artists, 19, 8289.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Noh, Y., Morris, T., & Andersen, M.B. (2007). Psychological intervention programs for reduction of injury in ballet dancers. Research in Sports Medicine, 15, 1332. PubMed ID: 17365949 doi:10.1080/15438620600987064

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Nordin, S.M., & Cumming, J. (2008). Exploring common ground: Comparing the imagery of dancers and aesthetic sport performers. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 20, 375391. doi:10.1080/10413200802210795

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Nordin-Bates, S.M. (2012). Performance psychology in the performing arts. In S.M. Murphy (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of sport and performance psychology (pp. 81114). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Palmer, C., Burwitz, L., Collings, D., Campbell, E., & Hern, J. (1996). Performance profiling: Construct validity and utilization. Journal of Sport Sciences, 14, 4142.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Patton, M.Q. (2014). Qualitative research & evaluation methods (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

  • Prochaska, J.O., & DiClimente, C.C. (1983). Stages and processes of self-change of smoking: Toward an integrative model of change. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 390395. PubMed ID: 6863699 doi:10.1037/0022-006X.51.3.390

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Prochaska, J.O., DiClemente, C.C., & Norcross, J.C. (1992). In search of how people change: Applications to addictive behaviors. American Psychologist, 47, 11021114. PubMed ID: 1329589 doi:10.1037/0003-066X.47.9.1102

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Savage, D. (2003). A sporting use of personal construct psychology. In F. Fransella (Ed.), Handbook of personal construct psychology (pp. 3339). Chichester, England: Wiley & Sons.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Taylor, J. (2017). Importance of assessment in sport psychology consulting. In J. Taylor (Ed.), Assessment in applied sport psychology (pp. 314). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Taylor, J, & Estanol, E. (2015). Dance psychology for artistic and performance excellence. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

  • Tremayne, P., & Ballinger, D.A. (2008). Performance enhancement for ballroom dancers: Psychological perspectives. The Sport Psychologist, 22, 90108. doi:10.1123/tsp.22.1.90

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Vealey, R.S. (2007). Mental skills training in sport. In G. Tenenbaum, and R.C. Eklund (Eds.), Handbook of sport psychology (3rd ed., pp. 287309). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Welsh, T. (2009). Conditioning for dancers. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.

  • Weston, N. (2008). Performance profiling. In A.M. Lane (Ed.), Topics in applied psychology: Sport and exercise psychology (pp. 91108). London, UK: Hodder Education.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Weston, N.J.V., Greenlees, I.A., & Thelwell, R.C. (2010). Applied sport psychology consultant perceptions of the usefulness and impacts of performance profiling. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 41, 360368.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Weston, N.J.V., Greenlees, I.A., & Thelwell, R.C. (2011). Athlete perceptions of the impacts of performance profiling. International Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 9, 173188. doi:10.1080/1612197X.2011.567107

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Weston, N.J.V., Greenlees, I.A., & Thelwell, R.C. (2013). A review of Butler and Hardy’s (1992) performance profiling procedure within sport. International Review of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 6, 121. doi:10.1080/1750984X.2012.674543

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
All Time Past Year Past 30 Days
Abstract Views 3125 588 24
Full Text Views 199 41 8
PDF Downloads 141 27 8