“Futures—Past,” A Reflection of 40 Years of the Sociology of Sport Journal: An Introduction
Letisha Engracia Cardoso Brown, Chen Chen, Tomika Ferguson, Courtney Szto, Anthony Jean Weems, and Natalie Welch
Volume 31 (2023): Issue 6 (Dec 2023)
Volume 39 (2023): Issue 6 (Dec 2023)
Volume 17 (2023): Issue 4 (Dec 2023): JCSP Special Issue Burnout in Sport and Performance, Part 2
Volume 40 (2023): Issue 4 (Dec 2023): SPECIAL ISSUE “Futures—Past,”: Liberation, Futurity, Intersectionality, and Interdisciplinarity: Reading Sport, Physical Culture, and the (Physically Active) Body
Volume 37 (2023): Issue 4 (Dec 2023)
Bringing on the Next Generation of Sport Scientists: The Benefits of Work-Integrated Learning
David B. Pyne
Initial Maximum Push-Rim Propulsion and Sprint Performance in Elite Men’s Wheelchair Basketball
Aitor Iturricastillo, Jordi Sanchez-Grau, Gerard Carmona, Adrián García-Fresneda, and Javier Yanci
Objectives: This study sought to report the reliability (intrasession) values of initial maximum push-rim propulsion (IMPRP) and sprint performance in elite wheelchair basketball (WB) players and to assess the involvement of strength in sprint capacity. Methods: Fifteen Spanish international WB male players participated in this study. The maximum single wheelchair push from a stationary position (IMPRP) and the sprint performance (ie, 3, 5, and 12 m) of WB players were measured in this study. Results: IMPRP mechanical outputs V, V max, P, Rel. P, F, and Rel. F variables presented high reliability values (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] ≥ .92; coefficient of variation [CV] ≤ 8.04 ± 7.37; standard error of measurement [SEM] ≤ 29.92), but the maximum strength variables Pmax, Rel. Pmax, F max, and Rel. F max (ICC ≥ .63; CV ≤ 13.19 ± 16.63; SEM ≤ 203.76) showed lower ICC values and by contrast higher CV and SEM values. The most substantial correlations were identified between maximum IMPRP values (ie, V, V max, P, Rel. P, F, and Rel. F) and sprint performance in 3 m (r ± confidence limits ≥ −0.74 ± 0.22, very large; R 2 ≥ .55), 5 m (r ± confidence limits ≥ −0.72 ± 0.24, very large; R 2 ≥ .51), and 12 m (r ± confidence limits ≥ −0.67 ± 0.27, large; R 2 ≥ .44). Conclusions: The IMPRP test and sprint tests (3, 5, and 12 m) are practical and reliable for measuring strength and speed in WB players. In addition, there were large to very large associations among strength variables (ie, P, Rel. P, F, and Rel. F) and all sprint variables. This could indicate a need to implement specific strength exercises in WB players to improve sprint capacity.
Optimizing Wearable Device and Testing Parameters to Monitor Running-Stride Long-Range Correlations for Fatigue Management in Field Settings
Joel T. Fuller, Dominic Thewlis, Jodie A. Wills, Jonathan D. Buckley, John B. Arnold, Eoin Doyle, Tim L.A. Doyle, and Clint R. Bellenger
Purpose: There are important methodological considerations for translating wearable-based gait-monitoring data to field settings. This study investigated different devices’ sampling rates, signal lengths, and testing frequencies for athlete monitoring using dynamical systems variables. Methods: Secondary analysis of previous wearables data (N = 10 runners) from a 5-week intensive training intervention investigated impacts of sampling rate (100–2000 Hz) and signal length (100–300 strides) on detection of gait changes caused by intensive training. Primary analysis of data from 13 separate runners during 1 week of field-based testing determined day-to-day stability of outcomes using single-session data and mean data from 2 sessions. Stride-interval long-range correlation coefficient α from detrended fluctuation analysis was the gait outcome variable. Results: Stride-interval α reduced at 100- and 200- versus 300- to 2000-Hz sampling rates (mean difference: −.02 to −.08; P ≤ .045) and at 100- compared to 200- to 300-stride signal lengths (mean difference: −.05 to −.07; P < .010). Effects of intensive training were detected at 100, 200, and 400 to 2000 Hz (P ≤ .043) but not 300 Hz (P = .069). Within-athlete α variability was lower using 2-session mean versus single-session data (smallest detectable change: .13 and .22, respectively). Conclusions: Detecting altered gait following intensive training was possible using 200 to 300 strides and a 100-Hz sampling rate, although 100 and 200 Hz underestimated α compared to higher rates. Using 2-session mean data lowers smallest detectable change values by nearly half compared to single-session data. Coaches, runners, and researchers can use these findings to integrate wearable-device gait monitoring into practice using dynamic systems variables.
Correlates of Fundamental Motor Skills in the Early Years (0–4 Years): A Systematic Review
Sanne L.C. Veldman, Jessica S. Gubbels, Amika S. Singh, Johan M. Koedijker, Mai J.M. Chinapaw, and Teatske M. Altenburg
Aim: This systematic review aims to summarize evidence on correlates of fundamental motor skills in typically developing children aged 0–4 years. Methods: A literature search (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and SPORTDiscus) was performed from 2000 till 23 May 2022. Inclusion criteria was cross-sectional and prospective studies examining associations between a potential correlate and fundamental motor skills in typically developing, apparently healthy children aged 0–4 years. Two independent reviewers performed screening and methodological quality assessment. Results: Eighty-three studies met eligibility criteria and were included. Thirteen studies were of high methodological quality. In children aged <1 year, we found no evidence for family income, breastfeeding-related, sleep-related, home environment, and socioeconomic variables. In children aged 1–2 years, we found no evidence for sex, growth-related variables, singleton birth, and family income. In children aged 2–4 years, we found no evidence for screen behavior, toxicity, parental education, family income, socioeconomic variables, and maternal depression/anxiety and moderate evidence for a positive association with early childhood education and care setting type. For other examined correlates, we found insufficient evidence (inconsistent findings or only one study available). Conclusions: We found insufficient evidence for over half of examined potential correlates of fundamental motor skills. We recommend investing in better research methodologies and improved reporting.
