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Context: Physical training improves the strength of upper limbs, contributing directly to the performance of activities of daily life, confirming one more time that the strengthened muscle is imperative for a rapid rehabilitation. Objective: To investigate the scientific implications of the impact of physical training on the strength of the upper limbs of people with paraplegias. Evidence Acquisition: The search strategy with truncations and Boolean operator was defined as: (spinal cord inju* OR traumatic myelopat* OR paraplegi*) AND (physical exercise OR strength training OR resisted training) AND (upper limb* OR arm OR armrest), for all of the databases. There were included experimental and quasi-experimental studies, published in the English language and with the complete text available, with at least 1 physical exercise that worked with the strength of the upper limbs. Two independent evaluators extracted from each article data on study characteristics (publishing year, country of origin, and study design), of the subjects (gender and age), and of the disability (level of lesion and cause). Evidence Synthesis: Seven articles were included in the systematic revision. The procedure used the most for measuring the maximum strength was the 1-repetition maximum test, followed by the isokinetic dynamometer and Quantitative Muscle Testing System. Furthermore, the most commonly associated variables in the included studies were pain in the shoulder, cardiorespiratory capacity, and functionality, respectively. The results showed that all of the variables improved because of the training. Conclusions: The training improved the strength, the functionality, and reduced the pain in the shoulder of the people with paraplegia.

In Table 2 in the article by Harkey M, McLeod M, Van Scoit A, et al, “The Immediate Effects of an Anterior-to-Posterior Talar Mobilization on Neural Excitability, Dorsiflexion Range of Motion, and Dynamic Balance in Patients With Chronic Ankle Instability,” in J Sport Rehabil. 23(4):351–359, the composite and anterior scores for the Star Excursion Balance Test in the joint-mobilization group were transposed. Printed here is the correct version of the table.

In the article by Joseph MF et al, “Incidence of Morphologic Changes in Asymptomatic Achilles Tendons in an Active Young Adult Population,” in J Sport Rehabil. 21(3), 249–252, 3 authors were omitted from the byline. The full list of authors is Michael F. Joseph, Thomas H. Trojian, Jeffrey M. Anderson, John Crowley, Lindsay Dilieto, Brian O’Neil, and Craig R. Denegar.

The postgenomic era and heightened public expectations for tangible improvements in the public health have stimulated a complete transformation of the nation's biomedical research enterprise. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) “Roadmap for Medical Research” has catalyzed this transformation. The NIH roadmap consists of several interrelated initiatives, of which the Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) program is the most relevant for rehabilitation specialists. This article reviews the evolution of this transformation and highlights the unprecedented opportunities the CTSA program provides rehabilitation specialists to play leadership roles in improving the clinical care of their patients.