The aim of the present study was to verify, during a stressful sport competition, the associations between motivational antecedents and consequences of the coping process. Using a two-wave design, we tested a model that incorporates motivational orientations, coping dimensions, goal attainment, and affective states among athletes (N = 122). Path analyses using EQS revealed that self-determination toward sport positively predicted the use of task-oriented coping strategies during a stressful sport competition, while non-self-determined motivation predicted the use of disengagement-oriented coping strategies. Task-oriented coping, in turn, was positively associated with the level of goal attainment experienced in the competition, whereas disengagement-oriented coping was negatively associated with goal attainment. Finally, level of goal attainment was positively linked to an increase in positive emotional states from pre- to postcompetition, and negatively associated with an increase in negative emotional states. Findings are discussed in light of coping frameworks, self-determination theory, and the consequences of motivational and coping processes on psychological functioning.
Search Results
Self-Determination, Coping, and Goal Attainment in Sport
Catherine E. Amiot, Patrick Gaudreau, and Céline M. Blanchard
Planning Mediates Between Self-Efficacy and Physical Activity Among Motivated Young Adults
Guangyu Zhou, Dongmei Wang, Nina Knoll, and Ralf Schwarzer
Background:
Often, motivation to be physically active is a necessary precondition of action but still does not suffice to initiate the target behavior. Instead, motivation needs to be translated into action by a self-regulatory process. Self-efficacy and planning are considered to be useful constructs that help to facilitate such translations.
Objective:
The aim is to examine the roles of motivation, planning, and self-efficacy as well as the mechanisms that operate in the change of physical activity levels.
Methods:
In a longitudinal observation study with 249 young adults, self-efficacy, planning, motivation, and physical activity were assessed at 2 points in time, 3 months apart.
Results:
Planning served as a mediator between self-efficacy and physical activity, controlling for baseline activity. In addition to this indirect effect, a moderator effect was found between self-efficacy and stages of change on planning. The mediation operated only in motivated, but not in unmotivated students.
Conclusions:
A mediation from self-efficacy via planning to physical activity seems to be likely only when people are motivated to become more active.
Motivational Strategies Used by Exercise Professionals: A Latent Profile Analysis
David Sánchez-Oliva, Antonio L. Palmeira, Eliana V. Carraça, Pedro J. Teixeira, David Markland, and Marlene N. Silva
physically inactive in 2016. For the people who practice, exercising at gym contexts has become an increasing trend in the last decades. 2 In order to properly support this trend, one of the main challenges for exercise professionals is to address and support clients’ motivation. Exercise professionals have
Exploring Children/Adolescents With Visual Impairments’ Physical Literacy: A Preliminary Investigation of Autonomous Motivation
Ali Brian, An De Meester, Aija Klavina, J. Megan Irwin, Sally Taunton, Adam Pennell, and Lauren J. Lieberman
The physically literate person possesses the confidence, competence, motivation, knowledge, and understanding to value and take responsibility for engagement in physical activities throughout the lifespan ( Whitehead, 2001 ). Whitehead ( 2001 ) developed her concept of physical literacy, by
Motivational Climate in Physical Education, Achievement Motivation, and Physical Activity: A Latent Interaction Model
Stéphanie Girard, Jérôme St-Amand, and Roch Chouinard
time ( Sproule, Wang, Morgan, McNeill, & McMorris, 2007 ). Over the years, many researchers have emphasized the decline of teenagers’ motivation for PA. Scientists have developed many theories to explain motivation to engage in sport or PA, such as PE ( Gillet & Vallerand, 2016 ; Hagger
Analysis of Motivational Profiles on Sportspersonship Orientations in Secondary School Physical Education Students: A Self-Determination Theory-Based Perspective
Rafael Burgueño, José Macarro-Moreno, Isabel Sánchez-Gallardo, María-Jesús Lirola, and Jesús Medina-Casaubón
building a background of moral meanings and labels ( Vallerand et al., 1996 , 1997 ). Self-determination theory (SDT; Ryan & Deci, 2017 , 2019 )—specifically through the construct of motivation—could be a useful theoretical framework to examine the internalization of sportsmanship orientation in
Exploring the Influence of Match Fixing on Consumer Motivations to Watch Esports: Perspectives From Brand Producers
Michael L. Williamson, Kevin Filo, Jason Doyle, and Brooke Harris-Reeves
Electronic sports, better known as esports, have become increasingly popular as an entertainment medium option for consumers, with rapid growth expected to continue ( Newzoo, 2021 ). Scholars have begun investigating the motivations that underpin esports consumption, providing a basis to understand
Development and Preliminary Validation of an Athlete Burnout Measure
Thomas D. Raedeke and Alan L. Smith
The purpose of this research was to develop a psychometrically sound measure of athlete burnout. In Study 1, exploratory factor analysis revealed burn-out dimensions reflective of emotional/physical exhaustion, reduced sense of swimming accomplishment, and swimming devaluation. In two subsequent studies, the psychometric properties of a refined version of this measure were examined. Independent samples of senior age-group swimmers and college athletes from a variety of sports completed a questionnaire that tapped the three burnout dimensions as well as stress- and motivation-related variables. Confirmatory factor analysis and alternative model testing supported the specified three-factor burnout model. In support of construct validity, the burnout subscales correlated positively with stress, trait anxiety, and amotivation, and correlated negatively with coping, social support, enjoyment, commitment, and intrinsic motivation indices across the two studies.
Applying Terror Management Theory to Performance: Can Reminding Individuals of Their Mortality Increase Strength Output?
Heather J. Peters, Jeff Greenberg, Jean M. Williams, and Nicole R. Schneider
Motivation plays a key role in successful athletic performance, and terror management theory has emerged as a broad theory of human motivation (e.g., Solomon, Greenberg, & Pyszczynski, 1991) that may have implications for sport and exercise performance. Based on the theory, we tested the hypothesis that a reminder of mortality can motivate improved performance in a task requiring physical strength in individuals invested in strength. Participants demonstrated their strength on a hand dynamometer, then wrote about their own mortality or dental pain, and again squeezed the hand dynamometer. Results indicated that reminders of mortality increased strength performance for individuals invested in strength training (24 F, 31 M), and had no impact on those not invested in strength training (30 F, 28 M), p = .015. Implications for athletes are briefly discussed.
Children’s Self-Perceptions in the Physical Domain: Between- and Within-Age Variability in Level, Accuracy, and Sources of Perceived Competence
Maureen R. Weiss and Anthony J. Amorose
Both level (high vs. low) and accuracy (discrepancy between perceived and actual) of perceived competence are important contributors to domain-specific emotions and motivational processes. Moreover, age differences in level and accuracy of perceived competence have been explained by the sources of information children use to judge their competence. Thus the purpose of our study was to examine simultaneously the interrelationships among age, actual competence, and level, accuracy, and sources of perceived competence. Children (N = 159) completed self-reports while teachers rated their actual competence at a sport camp. Cluster analysis revealed five profiles of children who varied in age, actual competence, perceived competence, and accuracy of perceived competence. These groups were further distinguished by the importance they placed on competence information sources. Results indicate that age, actual ability, and level, accuracy, and sources of perceived competence should be considered simultaneously in research on self-perception and motivational processes among youth.
