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Attentional Demand of a Virtual Reality-Based Reaching Task in Nondisabled Older Adults

Yi-An Chen, Yu-Chen Chung, Rachel Proffitt, Eric Wade, and Carolee Winstein

Attention during exercise is known to affect performance; however, the attentional demand inherent to virtual reality (VR)-based exercise is not well understood. We used a dual-task paradigm to compare the attentional demands of VR-based and non-VR-based (conventional, real-world) exercise: 22 older adults (with no diagnosed disabilities) performed a primary reaching task to virtual and real targets in a counterbalanced block order while verbally responding to an unanticipated auditory tone in one third of the trials. The attentional demand of the primary reaching task was inferred from the voice response time (VRT) to the auditory tone. Participants’ engagement level and task experience were also obtained using questionnaires. The virtual target condition was more attention demanding (significantly longer VRT) than the real target condition. Secondary analyses revealed a significant interaction between engagement level and target condition on attentional demand. For participants who were highly engaged, attentional demand was high and independent of target condition. However, for those who were less engaged, attentional demand was low and depended on target condition (i.e., virtual > real). These findings add important knowledge to the growing body of research pertaining to the development and application of technology-enhanced exercise for older adults and for rehabilitation purposes.

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The Path to Translating Focus of Attention Research into Canadian Physiotherapy, Part 2: Physiotherapist Interviews Reveal Impacting Factors and Barriers to Focus of Attention Use

Julia Hussien, Lauren Gignac, Lauren Shearer, and Diane M. Ste-Marie

physiotherapists’ use of focus of attention. Such knowledge could be used to assist in translating focus of attention findings into Canadian physiotherapy practice. Methods Participants Eight physiotherapists ( M age  = 35.6 years, SD  = 10.8; M experience  = 11.0 years, SD  = 9.2; five women and three men

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Harvesting Twitter Data for Studying Motor Behavior in Disabled Populations: An Introduction and Tutorial in Python

Nicholas E. Fears, Riya Chatterjee, Priscila M. Tamplain, and Haylie L. Miller

( Deriss, 2019 ) or empowerment and support of autistic individuals ( Bellon-Harn et al., 2020 ), but tweets about autistic individuals’ behaviors and their health are also highly prevalent ( Deriss, 2019 ). Using Twitter to examine autistic individuals’ own accounts of their experiences is an excellent

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Validation of a Follow-Through Developmental Sequence for the Overarm Throw for Force in University Students

Bradley Beseler, Christopher Mesagno, Michael Spittle, Nicola F. Johnson, Jack Harvey, Scott Talpey, and Mandy S. Plumb

influence on throwing velocity and isometric strength, with male participants throwing significantly faster (23.2 m/s) than females (19.2 m/s). Other researchers have suggested that males generally have more throwing experience than females (e.g.,  Halverson et al., 1982 ; Johnson et al., 2019 ; Williams

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The Development of Bilateral Skill Symmetry: Insights From Gaelic Football Players and Coaches

Karol Dillon, Paul Kinnerk, Ian Sherwin, and Philip E. Kearney

timing of interventions within a player’s long-term development; Anderson & Mayo, 2017 ). Sensitive periods are defined as time periods when the effect of experience on development is particularly strong ( Anderson & Mayo, 2017 ). While research in domains such as music has demonstrated support for the

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Motor Skill Development and Youth Physical Activity: A Social Psychological Perspective

Maureen R. Weiss

, share ideas about developmental research agendas , and discuss research findings, and (c)  develop strategies to increase scholarly impact of our research and develop meaningful collaborations (italics mine). I first want to situate the social contexts and experiences that shaped my developmental

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Virtual Reality for Action Observation Does Not Enhance Motor Learning of a Complex Weightlifting Task

Michael A. Weise, Joshua A. Vicente, Belle P. Ponce de Leon, Makena Savola, Kimberly Hernandez, Sean P. Flanagan, and Jacob W. Hinkel-Lipsker

interest to continue to study ways to further maximize the action observation experience. From a neurophysiological perspective, action observation seems to share similar neural processes as actually physically practicing the observed task. Neuroimaging and electrophysiological work has demonstrated that

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The Move2Smile Online Hub for Parents to Support Aspects of Preschoolers’ Physical Literacy at Home: A Feasibility Study

Maeghan E. James, John Cairney, Nikoleta Odorico, Tracia Finlay-Watson, and Kelly P. Arbour-Nicitopoulos

subjective perceptions of their (and their child’s) experience and multiple realities, shaped by individual experience, exist ( Guba & Lincoln, 1994 ; Lincoln et al., 2011 ). Participant Recruitment and Eligibility Upon receiving institutional research ethics board approval (REB# 41260), parents of

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A Single Session of Mindfulness Meditation Expedites Immediate Motor Memory Consolidation to Improve Wakeful Offline Learning

James O. Brown, Alex Chatburn, David L. Wright, and Maarten A. Immink

 al., 2013 , 2017 ; De Bruin et al., 2016 ; Malinowski, 2013 ; Tang et al., 2015 ). For example, recent studies have demonstrated the extent to which single-session mindfulness meditation can enhance subsequent motor skill learning even in learners with no prior meditation experience ( Chan et al., 2017

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Identity and Discourse Among #ActuallyAutistic Twitter Users With Motor Differences

Riya Chatterjee, Nicholas E. Fears, Gavin Lichtenberg, Priscila M. Tamplain, and Haylie L. Miller

Despite a growing awareness of the prevalence of motor differences in the autistic community, 1 their functional impact is poorly understood. There is a particular dearth of literature on the experiences of autistic adults, in part due to the limited accessibility and inclusivity of autism