Human locomotion is a complex task that requires coordinated and precise neural control of muscle activation. This coordination is most likely governed by a sequence of motor modules, also referred to as “muscle synergies” (MSs), that co-activate multiple lower-extremity (L/E) muscles in a
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Effects of Varying Overground Walking Speeds on Lower-Extremity Muscle Synergies in Healthy Individuals
Manuel J. Escalona, Daniel Bourbonnais, Michel Goyette, Damien Le Flem, Cyril Duclos, and Dany H. Gagnon
MRI-Based Assessment of Lower-Extremity Muscle Volumes in Patients Before and After ACL Reconstruction
Grant E. Norte, Katherine R. Knaus, Chris Kuenze, Geoffrey G. Handsfield, Craig H. Meyer, Silvia S. Blemker, and Joseph M. Hart
exclusively limited to the thigh musculature and thereby fail to describe complete lower-extremity function in these cohorts. Altered loading patterns are well described after ACL injury, 36 which inherently influence skeletal muscle function away from the knee. Understanding changes in muscle after ACL
Voluntary Contraction of the Abdominal Muscles Increases Hip Muscle Activation During Lower-Extremity Exercises: A Critically Appraised Topic
Birgul Dingirdan, Pinar Kuyulu, Ezgi Nur Can, Kubra Caylan Gurses, and Gulcan Harput
perturbations. 6 Studies have shown that the inclusion of AE techniques in lower-extremity exercises can alter the activation levels of targeted muscles. 7 , 8 Previous research has found increased hip muscle activation levels when simultaneous activation of abdominal muscles is incorporated during the
Lower-Extremity Energy Absorption During Side-Step Maneuvers in Females With Knee Valgus Alignment
Akihiro Tamura, Kiyokazu Akasaka, and Takahiro Otsudo
landing may cause ACL injuries. 9 Loads on knee joints during landings can be decreased by employing strategies to absorb landing stresses throughout the lower-extremities. Some researchers have measured the relative contributions of the lower-extremity joints for energy absorption during landing. 10
Within-Session Reliability and Minimum Detectable Differences for Discrete Lower-Extremity Angles and Moments During Walking
Jillian L. Hawkins and Clare E. Milner
been determined for several lower-extremity biomechanical variables, but only for between-session comparisons. 1 , 2 Within- and between-session reliability are influenced by differences in participants’ performance between trials; in addition, between-session reliability is influenced by marker
Lower-Extremity Muscle Activity, Kinematics, and Dynamic Postural Control in Individuals With Patellofemoral Pain
Shiho Goto, Naoko Aminaka, and Phillip A. Gribble
, 20 Finally, activity of the knee extensors has been shown to contribute to frontal plane knee motion stability. 21 , 22 This collective evidence suggests that comprehensive investigation of lower-extremity muscle activity along with kinematics may provide a better understanding of the relationship
Lower Extremity Physical Performance Tests for the Assessment of Athletes via Telehealth are Reliable
Maycon Thomas Moises Jales, Germanna de Medeiros Barbosa, Gustavo Viotto Gonçalves, Hilmaynne Renaly Fonseca Fialho, Letícia Bojikian Calixtre, and Danilo Harudy Kamonseki
Physical performance tests (PPTs) are commonly used to assess athletes of different levels of practice and sports. 1 The PPTs are used to measure multiple constructs related to physical function, such as muscle power and strength, agility, and neuromuscular control. 1 The lower extremity PPTs
Fibular Reposition Taping Does Not Change Lower Extremity Biomechanics During Gait in Active Adults With Chronic Ankle Instability
John McCleve, Luke Donovan, Christopher D. Ingersoll, Charles Armstrong, and Neal R. Glaviano
Key Points ▸ Chronic ankle instability (CAI) patients present with altered gait biomechanics. ▸ Fibular reposition tape (FRT) does not improve lower extremity gait kinematics in CAI patients. ▸ FRT does not change ankle kinetics or vertical ground reaction forces during gait. Lateral ankle sprains
Functional Performance Measures Used for Return-to-Sport Criteria in Youth Following Lower-Extremity Injury
Christie Powell, Jody Jensen, and Samantha Johnson
injury, many athletes are not fully recovered and return to play prematurely. Common intrinsic risk factors for lower-extremity injuries are previous injury in the same body region and compromised function. 3 , 6 Previously injured athletes often lack the neuromuscular control, balance, proprioception
Virtual Reality Training With Three-Dimensional Video Games Improves Postural Balance and Lower Extremity Strength in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Yongwoo Lee, Wonjae Choi, Kyeongjin Lee, Changho Song, and Seungwon Lee
virtual reality training was accomplished by incorporating the following six games into circuit training: jogging for gait, swordplay for agility and balance, ski jump for balance, hula-hoop for balance and lower extremity strength, tennis for balance and agility, and step dance for gait and lower
