= .01–.058 (small), η 2 = .059–.137 (medium), and η 2 ≥ .138 (large). Finally, to gain insights into the reciprocal associations between burnout and insomnia symptoms, we tested cross-lagged panel models using the structural equation approach. As recommended by Anderson and Gerbing ( 1988 ), we
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Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations Between Athlete Burnout, Insomnia, and Polysomnographic Indices in Young Elite Athletes
Markus Gerber, Simon Best, Fabienne Meerstetter, Sandrine Isoard-Gautheur, Henrik Gustafsson, Renzo Bianchi, Daniel J. Madigan, Flora Colledge, Sebastian Ludyga, Edith Holsboer-Trachsler, and Serge Brand
Motor Competence Levels in Young Children: A Cross-Cultural Comparison Between Belgium and Greece
Eva D’Hondt, Fotini Venetsanou, Antonis Kambas, and Matthieu Lenoir
sometimes almost neighboring countries situated within the same continent, and thus thought to have a quite similar (movement) culture ( Haga et al., 2018 ; Niemeijer, van Waelvelde, & Smits-Engelsman, 2015 ). These findings might be attributed to cross-cultural differences in educational systems and
Sex Differences in Physiological Determinants of Performance in Elite Adolescent, Junior, and Senior Cross-Country Skiers
Ove Sollie and Thomas Losnegard
In cross-country (XC) skiing, male athletes typically perform 10% to 12% better compared with their female counterparts 2 , 5 depending on the subtechnique employed, as the sex difference is magnified when the contribution from poling increases. 6 Olympic XC skiing lasts from approximately 3
The Temporal Ordering of Motivation and Self-Control: A Cross-Lagged Effects Model
Gro Jordalen, Pierre-Nicolas Lemyre, Natalie Durand-Bush, and Andreas Ivarsson
athletes (173 males and 98 females; aged 16–20 years, M = 17.98, SD = 0.89) attending elite sport colleges in Norway consented to participate. Athletes competed in cross-country skiing ( n = 122), biathlon ( n = 64), ski jumping ( n = 15), alpine skiing ( n = 63), and Nordic combined ( n = 7
The Effect of Resistance Exercise Priming in the Morning on Afternoon Sprint Cross-Country Skiing Performance
Bjarne Rud, Eivind Øygard, Even B. Dahl, Gøran Paulsen, and Thomas Losnegard
for the legs. 7 – 10 At present, no studies have investigated the effects of preconditioning resistance exercise on endurance sports performance where the upper body contributes significantly to total propulsion. Cross-country skiing serves as an interesting model as it demands a complex interaction
Unilateral Elbow Flexion and Leg Press Training Induce Cross–Education But Not Global Training Gains in Children
Aymen Ben Othman, Mehdi Chaouachi, Issam Makhlouf, Jonathan P. Farthing, Urs Granacher, David G. Behm, and Anis Chaouachi
Cross-education involves the performance improvement of the untrained limb after a period of unilateral practice (ie, strength, acceleration, skill, endurance) ( 11 , 18 , 19 , 27 , 29 ). Cross-education studies typically entail the testing of contralateral homologous muscles such as the quadriceps
Using Multivariate Data Analysis to Project Performance in Biathletes and Cross-Country Skiers
Thomas W. Jones, Hampus P. Lindblom, Marko S. Laaksonen, and Kerry McGawley
Biathlon (BIA) and cross-country (XC) skiing are complex and demanding winter sports. In both sports, similar physiological and anthropometric qualities correlate with competitive performance, including peak aerobic power ( V ˙ O 2 peak ), 1 – 3 gross efficiency (GE), 4 – 6 speed and oxygen
Physiological and Mechanical Indices Serving the New Cross-Country Olympic Mountain Bike Performance
Arnaud Hays, Caroline Nicol, Denis Bertin, Romain Hardouin, and Jeanick Brisswalter
Cross-country mountain biking was recognized as an Olympic sport in 1996, but the discipline has significantly changed during the last decade. In particular, in 2007, the race duration was reduced from 2 hours 30 minutes to 1 hour 30 minutes while increasing the technical track constraints. To date
Power Output and Pacing During International Cross-Country Mountain Bike Cycling
Cyril Granier, Chris R. Abbiss, Anaël Aubry, Yvon Vauchez, Sylvain Dorel, Christophe Hausswirth, and Yann Le Meur
Olympic elite cross-country mountain bike (XCO-MTB) competitions are mass-start races of 80 to 100 minutes, involving a lap length between 4 and 6 km to go several times over a variety of terrains, 1 during which athletes aim to complete the event ahead of their rivals (4.2.001. Union Cycliste
Differences in Habitual and Maximal Gait Velocity Across Age Groups: A Cross-Sectional Examination
Sally Paulson, Joshua L. Gills, Anthony Campitelli, Megan D. Jones, Joohee I. Sanders, Jordan M. Glenn, Erica N. Madero, Jennifer L. Vincenzo, Christopher S. Walter, and Michelle Gray
habitual and maximal dual-task gait velocity and dual-task costs among a cross-sectional sample of adults over the age of 45 years. A secondary purpose was to examine differences in the accuracy ratio between the age groups. Methods Subjects The project was approved by the relevant institutional review
