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A Longitudinal Analysis of the Executive Functions in High-Level Soccer Players

Adam Beavan, Vincent Chin, Louise M. Ryan, Jan Spielmann, Jan Mayer, Sabrina Skorski, Tim Meyer, and Job Fransen

longitudinal studies have mapped out the developmental trajectories of EFs in the general population ( Howard, Vella, & Cliff, 2018 ; Huizinga & Smidts, 2010 ; Zelazo & Carlson, 2012 ; Zelazo et al., 2004 ). Age-related improvements in EFs occur rapidly from late childhood into adolescence and continue to

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Two Randomized Controlled Trials to Help Teachers Develop Physical Education Students’ Course-Specific Grit-Perseverance and Mental Toughness

Sung Hyeon Cheon, Johnmarshall Reeve, Woo-Young Joo, Yong-Gwan Song, Richard M. Ryan, and Hyungshim Jang

, performance, and thriving under conditions of adversity ( Gucciardi et al., 2015 ). In the search for the developmental roots of mental toughness, researchers have taken many different approaches (see Lin et al., 2017 ), including a focus on genetic factors ( Horsburgh et al., 2009 ; Veselka et al., 2009

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Development of Athletes, Conceptions of Sport Officials' Authority

David W. Rainey, Nicholas R. Santilli, and Kevin Fallon

This study examined baseball players' conceptions of umpires' authority. Eighty male players, ages 6-22 years, completed an abbreviated Inventory of Piaget's Developmental Tasks (Furth, 1970), which was used to measure cognitive development. They then heard recorded scenarios describing conflicts with an umpire and a parent. Players indicated if they would argue with the authorities, why they obey the authorities (obedience), and why the authorities get to make decisions (legitimacy). Obedience and legitimacy responses were categorized into Damon's (1977) three levels. Measures of arguing, obedience, and legitimacy were analyzed for four age levels and three levels of cognitive development. Older and more cognitively developed players were more likely to argue with authorities. Conceptions of obedience and legitimacy were positively associated with age, though they were not related to scores of cognitive development. The positive relationship between age and authority conceptions and the absence of a relationship between cognitive development and authority conceptions are both consistent with Damon's position.

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Remembering Robert J. Brustad: An Enduring Image of Positivity and Optimism

Maureen R. Weiss

, “Integrating Socialization Influences Into the Study of Children’s Motivation in Sport” ( Brustad, 1992 ), significantly shaped the theoretical and scholarly approach to this area of study. In this article, Bob advocated for a developmental approach to the study of children’s social and motivational

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Sex Differences in Perceived Motor Competence After the Children’s Health Activity Motor Program Intervention

Leesi George-Komi, Kara K. Palmer, Stephanie A. Palmer, Michael A. Nunu, and Leah E. Robinson

This study is a secondary analysis from the Promoting Activity and Developmental Trajectories of Health Study (Registered Clinical Trial Number: NCT03189862, www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Robinson et al., 2020 ). The Promoting Activity and Developmental Trajectories of Health Study was a two

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The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Executive Functions Among Youth in Low-Income Urban Schools in the Northeast and Southwest United States

Jesse Mala, Jennifer McGarry, Kristen E. Riley, Elaine C.-H. Lee, and Lindsay DiStefano

maturation is necessary ( Davies & Rose, 1999 ). To measure pubertal maturation, the Pubertal Maturation Observational Scale (PMOS) was utilized. The PMOS classifies individuals into their respective developmental stages by investigator observation and parental report. The PMOS uses two separate checklists

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Adolescent Sport Participation and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Michael J. Panza, Scott Graupensperger, Jennifer P. Agans, Isabelle Doré, Stewart A. Vella, and Michael Blair Evans

to study this relationship. Sport Participation and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression During the crucial developmental period of adolescence, symptoms of both anxiety and depression are widespread ( Teubert & Pinquart, 2011 ). Anxiety disorders entail excessive perceptions of fear or threat

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How Do Sport Parents Engage in Autonomy-Supportive Parenting in the Family Home Setting? A Theoretically Informed Qualitative Analysis

Nicholas L. Holt, Helene Jørgensen, and Colin J. Deal

context of family life ( Holt et al., 2009 ). Autonomy-supportive parenting has been positively associated with a range of developmental outcomes among children, including adaptive psychosocial functioning, perceived competence, academic achievement, and positive attitudes toward school ( Vasquez et al

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“To Be, or Not to Be, That Is the Question”: Modeling and Differentiation Among Siblings Participating in Organized Youth Sport

Keith V. Osai, Travis E. Dorsch, and Shawn D. Whiteman

-related decisions, it is important that scholars look to theoretically based constructs and processes that provide a framework for understanding and predicting sport-related behavior. Two influence processes that can help explain siblings’ developmental trajectories are modeling and differentiation ( Whiteman

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Digest

Kim Gammage, Jeff Caron, Alyson Crozier, Alison Ede, Christopher Hill, Sean Locke, Desi McEwan, Kathleen Mellano, Eva Pila, Matthew Stork, and Svenja Wolf

skills. It is possible that the ego motivational climate, and specifically some conflict and social comparison among teammates, can have a positive effect on developmental sport experiences. These findings indicate that peers may positively influence the development of life skills regardless of the