Quadriceps femoris cross-sectional area (QUAD ACSA ) is a muscular parameter commonly included in both longitudinal 1 , 2 and cross-sectional 3 investigations due to its close relationship with strength and functional performance. 4 Numerous studies have reported that changes in QUAD ACSA after
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The 2-Point Method: A Quick, Accurate, and Repeatable Approach to Estimate Ultrasound-Derived Quadriceps Femoris Cross-Sectional Area
Alejandro Hernández-Belmonte, Alejandro Martínez-Cava, and Jesús G. Pallarés
Hip-Focused Neuromuscular Exercise Provides Immediate Benefits in Foot Pronation and Dynamic Balance: A Sham-Controlled Cross-Over Study
Elif Turgut, Gozde Yagci, and Volga Bayrakci Tunay
with a sham exercise in asymptomatic participants with foot pronation. Methods A sham-controlled cross-over trial with random allocation was carried out in the Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey, between April 2019 and November 2019. The institutional
Association Between Domain-Specific Physical Activity and Chronic Low Back Pain in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Michael Douglas da Silva Martins, Ítalo Ribeiro Lemes, Eleonora Esposito, Priscila Kalil Morelhão, Pedro Henrique Narciso, Márcia Rodrigues Franco, and Rafael Zambelli Pinto
those that seek care for their LBP and, therefore, are considered a clinically relevant population in the context of rehabilitation ( Ferreira et al., 2010 ; Mortimer et al., 2003 ). Evidence generated from cross-sectional studies should be seen as the first step to better understand the potential role
Toward Whole-of-System Action to Promote Physical Activity: A Cross-Sectoral Analysis of Physical Activity Policy in Australia
Tracy Nau, Karen Lee, Ben J. Smith, William Bellew, Lindsey Reece, Peter Gelius, Harry Rutter, and Adrian Bauman
actions, piecemeal planning, and patchy implementation. The necessary mitigation strategies involve strengthening communications across jurisdictions and forging a common strategic approach based on cross-sectoral partnerships that can enable the institutionalization of sustainable policy actions within
Comparison of Physiological and Biomechanical Responses to Flat and Uphill Cross-Country Sit-Skiing in Able-Bodied Athletes
Camilla H. Carlsen, David McGhie, Julia K. Baumgart, and Øyvind Sandbakk
During Para cross-country (XC) sit-skiing, athletes with impairments of the lower extremities and/or trunk propel themselves with the upper-body double poling technique using 2 poles, while sitting in a sledge mounted on 2 skis. 1 , 2 The race courses consist of undulating terrain changing between
Double-Poling Physiology and Kinematics of Elite Cross-Country Skiers: Specialized Long-Distance Versus All-Round Skiers
Øyvind Skattebo, Thomas Losnegard, and Hans Kristian Stadheim
terrain, respectively. 2 , 3 Cross-country (XC) skiing is a complex endurance sport consisting of several competition formats with durations ranging from ∼3 minutes (sprint, ∼1.3–1.8 km) to more than 2 hours (≤50 km) in World Cup (WC) and Olympic events. Consequently, an increasing number of athletes
The Utility and Cross-Validation of a Composite Physical Activity Score in Relation to Cardiovascular Health Indicators: Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults
Kelley Pettee Gabriel, Adriana Pérez, David R. Jacobs Jr, Joowon Lee, Harold W. Kohl III, and Barbara Sternfeld
and evaluate composite scores, which includes physical activity estimates from multiple sources, has not yet been explored. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to illustrate proof of concept by exploring the utility and cross-validation of a composite score which combines self-reported and
Bilateral Improvements Following Unilateral Home-Based Training in Plantar Flexors: A Potential for Cross-Education in Rehabilitation
Sumona Mandal, Liang Zhi Wong, Niall D. Simmons, Andreas Mirallais, Flaminia Ronca, and Bhavesh Kumar
The cross-education (CE) effect refers to contralateral improvements in muscle function, including strength, power, and skill acquisition, following unilateral limb training. 1 , 2 Neurophysiological adaptations following unilateral resistance training are thought to explain CE, given that there
Modeling Longitudinal Relationships Between Habit and Physical Activity: Two Cross-Lagged Panel Design Studies in Older Adults
Rob J.H. van Bree, Catherine Bolman, Aart N. Mudde, Maartje M. van Stralen, Denise A. Peels, Hein de Vries, and Lilian Lechner
tested simultaneously using a cross-lagged panel design (see Figure 1 ). The time frames in such a design are the same for both mediation effects. Although the hypotheses have a strong common sense character, systematically testing them to sort out whether they can be confirmed or not contributes
Associations of Sitting Behavior Patterns With Cardiometabolic Risk in Children: The Sit Less for Health Cross-Sectional Study
Stephanie L. Stockwell, Lindsey R. Smith, Hannah M. Weaver, Daniella J. Hankins, and Daniel P. Bailey
sitting and standing. It was hypothesized that higher total daily sitting time and a lower number of breaks in sitting would be associated with increased cardiometabolic risk marker levels. Methods Study Design This was a cross-sectional study design across schools in Bedfordshire, United Kingdom. Data
