involved single-leg hop for distance (SLHD), triple hop test for distance (THT), Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia-11, International Knee Documentation Committee scale (IKDC), and the Tegner Activity Scale for current activity. Written and verbal consent was obtained for each participant and the University of
Search Results
Influence of Graft Type and Meniscal Involvement on Short-Term Outcomes Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Casey Moler, Kevin M. Cross, Mandeep Kaur, Amelia Bruce Leicht, Joe Hart, and David Diduch
Effect of Gender on the Quadriceps-to-Hamstrings Coactivation Ratio During Different Exercises
Gulcan Harput, A. Ruhi Soylu, Hayri Ertan, Nevin Ergun, and Carl G. Mattacola
Context:
Coactivation ratio of quadriceps to hamstring muscles (Q:H) and medial to lateral knee muscles (M:L) contributes to the dynamic stability of the knee joint during movement patterns recommended during rehabilitation and important for daily function.
Objective:
To compare the quadriceps-to-hamstring and medial-to-lateral knee muscles' coactivation ratios between men and women during the following closed kinetic chain exercises performed on a balance board: forward lunge, side lunge, single-leg stance, and single-leg squat.
Design:
Cross-sectional.
Participants:
20 healthy subjects (10 female and 10 male).
Main Outcome Measures:
Surface electromyography was used to measure the activation level of quadriceps (vastus lateralis and medialis) and hamstrings (biceps femoris and medial hamstrings) during forward- and side-lunge, single-leg-stance, and single-leg-squat exercises. Subjects were instructed during each exercise to move into the test position and to hold that position for 15 s. EMG was recorded during the 15-s isometric period where subjects tried to maintain a “set” position while the foot was on a balance board. Analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis.
Results:
There was a significant exercise-by-gender interaction for Q:H ratio (F 3,48 = 6.63, P = .001), but the exercise-by-gender interaction for M:L ratio was not significant (F 3,48 = 1.67, P = .18). Women showed larger Q:H ratio in side-lunge exercises than men (P = .002). Both genders showed larger M:L and lower Q:H ratio in a single-leg-stance exercise than in the other exercises.
Conclusions:
The results indicate that the forward- and side-lunge and single-leg-squat exercises should not be recommended as exercise where a balanced coactivation between quadriceps and hamstring muscles is warranted. Single-leg-stance exercise could be used when seeking an exercise where the ratio is balanced for both women and men.
Effects of Stroboscopic Vision on Postural Control in Individuals With and Without Chronic Ankle Instability
Seunguk Han, Hyunwook Lee, S. Jun Son, Hyunsoo Kim, and J. Ty Hopkins
postural control deficits. 9 Specifically, patients with CAI displayed increased excursions of the center of pressure (CoP) and decreased time-to-boundary scores during single-leg balance tests. 10 However, there are also conflicting results, where no differences in static balance were observed between
Effect of Prophylactic Ankle-Brace Use During a High School Competitive Basketball Season on Dynamic Postural Control
Nathan J. Crockett and Michelle A. Sandrey
Context:
Few studies have evaluated the long-term effects of prophylactic ankle-brace use during a sport season.
Objective:
To determine the effects of prophylactic ankle-brace use during a high school basketball season on dynamic postural control and functional tests.
Design:
Prospective repeated-measures design.
Setting:
High school athletic facility.
Participants:
21 healthy high school basketball athletes (13 girls, 8 boys).
Interventions:
The order of testing was randomized using the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) for posteromedial (PM), medial (M), and anteromedial (AM) directions and 3 functional tests (FT) consisting of the single-leg crossover hop, single-leg vertical jump, and the single-leg 6-m hop for time at pre-, mid-, and postseason. After pretesting, the ankle brace was worn on both limbs during the entire 16-wk competitive basketball season.
Main Outcome Measures:
SEBT for PM, M, and AM and 3 single-leg FTs.
Results:
Dynamic postural control using the SEBT and the 3 FTs improved over time, notably from pretest to posttest. The left limb was different from the right limb during the single-leg vertical jump. Effect sizes were large for pretest to posttest for the 3 SEBT directions and 2 of the 3 FTs.
Conclusions:
The 16-wk basketball prophylactic ankle-brace intervention significantly improved dynamic postural control and single-limb FTs over time.
Development and Reliability of a Visual-Cognitive Reactive Triple Hop Test
Byrnadeen T. Farraye, Janet E. Simon, Meredith Chaput, HoWon Kim, Scott M. Monfort, and Dustin R. Grooms
with injury risk motor coordination in biomechanics laboratories, a few studies have also begun to develop feasible clinical tests with similar reaction sensors. Brinkman et al 40 developed a reliable lower-extremity reaction time assessment where participants balanced on a single leg with 5 FitLights
The Relationship between Isokinetic Open and Closed Chain Lower Extremity Strength and Functional Performance
Rodney Negrete and Jay Brophy
Objectives:
To determine (1) correlations between isokinetic lower extremity strength and functional performance and (2) correlations among different modes of isokinetic testing.
Design and Setting:
A correlational design with 6 measures. A series of strength, power, and agility tests was performed at a hospital-based outpatient physical therapy clinic.
Participants:
A volunteer sample of 29 male and 31 female, college-age subjects participated.
Measurements:
All subjects were tested in the following isokinetic tests: reciprocal leg press, single-leg squat, and knee extension. Performance tests included single-leg hop and vertical jump and a speed/agility test.
Results:
Analysis showed isokinetic knee extension, leg press, and single-leg squat strength significantly correlated to all functional tests. There were significant correlations among the 3 different isokinetic strength measures, as well.
Conclusions:
These results suggest a significant relationship between lower extremity open and closed chain isokinetic strength and functional performance testing.
Closed Kinetic Chain Assessment Following Inversion Ankle Sprain
Teddy W. Worrell, Laurie D. Booher, and Karla M. Hench
The purpose of this study was to compare the injured versus noninjured lower extremity on three single-leg hop tests following inversion ankle sprain. Twenty-two subjects with a history of unilateral inversion ankle sprain participated in this study. Subjects performed the three single-leg hop tests (hop for distance, hop for time, and agility hop). An independent t test was used to compare extremities. No significant differences existed on any hop test for the 22 subjects. In 8 of the 22 subjects who reported pain with activities of daily living and/or sports activities, an independent t test revealed no significant difference on hop test performance between extremities. We conclude that these three single-leg hop tests lack sensitivity (validity) in detecting lower extremity performance deficits as reported by the subjects following inversion ankle sprain.
Videographic Variability of Triple and Quintuple Horizontal Hop Performance
Anthony P. Sharp, Jonathon Neville, Shelley N. Diewald, Dustin J. Oranchuk, and John B. Cronin
an initial single-leg jump immediately followed by 2 and 4 hops on the same leg followed by a double-foot landing, respectively (Figure 1 ). Participants were cued to “reach the furthest horizontal distance in the fastest time possible.” Contacting the ground with a hand postlanding was permitted if
Prehabilitation for Recreational Runners: Motivators, Influencers, and Barriers to Injury Prevention Strategies for Running-Related Injury
Linda Linton, Morag Barr, and Stephanie Valentin
-awareness of their own body. Single-leg exercises were reported as most challenging, and the majority of participants had never performed neuromuscular facilitation exercises before. Increasing awareness of the kinetic chain also exposed areas related to a recurrent injury, and participants with previous
Patient-Reported Outcomes and Perceived Confidence Measures in Athletes With a History of Ankle Sprain
Revay O. Corbett, Tyler R. Keith, and Jay Hertel
. Subjects then completed the CAIT, IdFAI, TSK-11, and the VAS for pain. After completing the PROs, subjects performed the following functional tasks: the weight-bearing lunge test; star excursion balance test (SEBT); up–down, lateral, and triple hop tests; the single-leg vertical jump; and Southeast