and domains of PA, by age of participants, weighted LSAC data. LSAC indicates Longitudinal Study of Australian Children; PA = physical activity. Organized PA Organized PA was the most stable domain in the present study. There was no statistically significant change between 11 and 15 years of age (see
Search Results
Participation in Domains of Physical Activity Among Australian Youth During the Transition From Childhood to Adolescence: A Longitudinal Study
Byron J. Kemp, Anne-Maree Parrish, Marijka Batterham, and Dylan P. Cliff
Time Trends and Sociodemographic Inequalities in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors Among Brazilian Adults: National Surveys from 2003 to 2019
André O. Werneck, Luciana L. Barboza, Raphael H.O. Araújo, Adewale L. Oyeyemi, Giseli N. Damacena, Célia L. Szwarcwald, and Danilo R. Silva
an increasing trend for leisure-time physical activity between 2008 and 2019, especially for the groups with higher income and educational achievement, while active commuting had a decreasing trend in all groups. Active transport was relatively stable between 2013 and 2019. Considering sedentary
The Temporal Association Between Physical Activity and Fruit and Vegetable Consumption: A Longitudinal Within- and Between-Person Investigation
Oliver W.A. Wilson, Scott Graupensperger, M. Blair Evans, and Melissa Bopp
2 reflects the longitudinal reciprocal association between VPA and FVC. This model demonstrated a strong fit. First, it is important to consider the autoregressive paths that reflect the stability of rank-ordered individual deviations from expected scores. Notably, FVC was somewhat stable across
100 Long-Distance Triathlons in 100 Days: A Case Study on Ultraendurance, Biomarkers, and Physiological Outcomes
Travis Anderson, Reinier A. van Mourik, Kerry J. Martin, Thijs M.H. Eijsvogels, and Kevin A. Longoria
days, while running effort appeared stable. Finally, we also demonstrated that even though no cardiac structure or function was clinically concerning, there was a substantial decrease in cardiac function after the 100LDT period. The observed linear decrease in swimming speed suggests a reduction from 0
Exercise Interventions for Community-Dwelling Older Adults Following an Emergency Department Consultation for a Minor Injury
Laurence Fruteau de Laclos, Marie-Josée Sirois, Andréanne Blanchette, Dominic Martel, Joannie Blais, Marcel Émond, Raoul Daoust, and Mylène Aubertin-Leheudre
performance was noted in leg strength (FTSTS). Linear regressions showed that the groups’ scores evolved differently over time (Group × Time interaction; p = .003). The INT group improved significantly by approximately 3 s at the 3- and 6-month follow-ups, whereas the CTRL group remained stable (Table 2
Incidence of Shoulder Injury in Elite Wheelchair Athletes Differ Between Sports: A Critically Appraised Topic
Jessica R. Fairbairn and Kellie C. Huxel Bliven
chain, creating a more stable base from which fencing and throwing upper limb movements are generated. Additional research is needed to further investigate the biomechanics of individual sports and the upper-extremity compensations needed to participate in wheelchair athletes. Strength of Recommendation
State of the Science on Ultramarathon Running After a Half Century: A Systematic Analysis and Commentary
Martin D. Hoffman
running. Practical Applications and Conclusions This work demonstrates that scientific publishing of research related to ultramarathon running has been limited compared with that involving other sports. At present, publishing appears to be fairly stable, focused largely on physiological issues, and
Longitudinal Perspectives on Children’s Physical Activity Patterns: “Do Physical Education–Related Factors Matter?”
Anoek M. Adank, Dave H.H. Van Kann, Teun Remmers, Stef P.J. Kremers, and Steven B. Vos
sixth to eighth grade. Moreover, significant negative associations between PA enjoyment and SB were also observed. MC was negatively associated with SB in girls, but this association was nonsignificant for boys (Table 2 ). Boys’ MVPA significantly declined over time, whereas girls’ MVPA remained stable
Effect of Instability and Resistance on Unintentional Squat-Lifting Kinetics
Eric J. Drinkwater, Erica J. Pritchett, and David G. Behm
Context:
Resistance training while using an instability-training device is known to increase activation of stabilizing muscle groups while decreasing the force generated by the prime movers during isometric contractions.
Purpose:
To investigate differences in squat kinetics during dynamic resistance training in an increasingly unstable training environment.
Methods:
Fourteen active men participated in this study. In each testing session, each participant performed 3 repetitions of squats with a 10-repetition maximum (10-RM) resistance, 40% of their 10-RM resistance, and 20.45 kg. The 3 testing session consisted of standing on a stable foor, foam pads, or BOSU balls. All repetitions were recorded with an optical encoder to record barbell kinetics.
Results:
The transition from stable (floor) to very unstable (BOSU) resulted in high likelihoods (>75%) of clinically meaningful differences ranging from small to large (effect size [ES] 0.31–1.73) in factors relating to concentric kinetics, eccentric power, and squat depth, regardless of the resistance used for training. There were also likely differences at the heaviest resistance in peak concentric power (stable to foam: ES 2.06; foam to BOSU: ES 0.38), eccentric power (stable to foam: ES 1.88; foam to BOSU: ES 0.74), and squat depth (stable to foam: ES 0.50; foam to BOSU: ES 0.67).
Conclusions:
Resistance training in an unstable environment at an intensity sufficient to elicit strength gains of the prime movers results in deleterious effects in concentric squat kinetics and squat technique. Such observations are particularly evident on very unstable platforms.
Weight Lifted and Countermovement Potentiation of Power in the Concentric Phase of Unstable and Traditional Resistance Exercises
Erika Zemková, Michal Jeleň, Zuzana Kovác̆iková, Gábor Ollé, Tomáš Vilman, and Dušan Hamar
The study evaluates the effect of weight lifted on power in the concentric phase of resistance exercises on stable and unstable surfaces. A group of 19 fit men performed randomly on different days 3 reps of (a) barbell chest presses on the bench and Swiss ball, and (b) barbell squats on stable base and BOSU ball. Exercises were performed without and with countermovement (CM) using maximal effort in concentric phase. Initial weight of 20 kg was increased by 10 kg or 5 kg (at higher loads) up to at least 85% of previously established 1RM under stable conditions. Results showed no significant differences in mean power in the concentric phase of stable and unstable CM chest presses at lower weights lifted (from 20 to 50 kg). However, its values were significantly higher during chest presses on the bench than on Swiss ball while lifting higher weights (from 60 to 90 kg). Similarly, mean power in the concentric phase of squats was significantly higher on stable base than on BOSU ball at higher weights lifted (from 60 to 90 kg). Though a set of data showed significant differences, the effect sizes ≤ 0.7 suggest no practically meaningful differences. It may be concluded that unstable base compromises the power in the concentric phase of resistance exercises, however, only at higher weights lifted.
