Baseball pitching is a complex motion that requires a pitcher to perform a series of appropriately timed, highly coordinated, explosive movements in order to deliver a pitch with both speed and accuracy. The kinetic chain for a baseball pitcher begins with the lower extremities during the set
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The Role of the Lead Hip in Collegiate Baseball Pitching: Implications for Ball Velocity and Upper-Extremity Joint Moments
Matthew J. Solomito, Erin J. Garibay, Andrew Cohen, and Carl W. Nissen
Performance Outcomes After Hook of Hamate Fractures in Major League Baseball Players
Michael S. Guss, John P. Begly, Austin J. Ramme, David P. Taormina, Michael E. Rettig, and John T. Capo
Major League Baseball (MLB) players are highly skilled athletes that require full function of their hands to perform at the highest level, and are at risk for hook of hamate fractures while swinging the bat, or from direct blunt trauma, such as a fall on an outstretched hand or an errant pitch. 1
“Superstition” in the Collegiate Baseball Player
Tom Ciborowski
An investigation of superstitious activity among collegiate baseball players (n = 83) was conducted over the course of three full seasons. A major feature of the investigation was a distinction between behaviors mediated by a conscious belief, and behaviors (presumably nonmediated) established through simple contiguity. Additionally, the baseball players were compared to nonathletes (n = 348) on a variety of traditional indicators of superstitious belief, but the comparison yielded few significant differences. Although the investigation showed that the ballplayers engaged in a high level of superstitious activity, it was concluded that such activity is unremarkable, if not understandable.
Acute Testicular Fracture in a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Baseball Catcher: A Case Study
Brandon C. Platt, Sue Falsone, and Kenneth C. Lam,
Key Points ▸ Testicular injury is extremely rare in athletic competition, particularly among baseball players. ▸ Early diagnosis and treatment is essential to decrease the risk of long-term damage. ▸ An evidence-based return-to-play protocol can improve the chances for safe return to play. The
A Systematic Review of Lower-Body Kinematic and Strength Factors Associated With Pitch Velocity in Adult Baseball Pitchers
Joseph E. Manzi, Jonathan S. Yu, Suleiman Y. Sudah, Mark Wishman, Theodore Quan, Alexander Koo, Kyle N. Kunze, Michelle Kew, James B. Carr II, Michael Fu, and Joshua S. Dines
With over 15 million baseball players in the United States and over 65 million baseball players across the world, the sport of baseball is widely popularized. 1 , 2 Pitching accurately is a key skill for baseball pitchers, while pitch velocity also has a substantial impact on performance. The
Modeling Deformation Behavior of the Baseball
Rochelle Llewelyn Nicholls, Karol Miller, and Bruce C. Elliott
Regulating ball response to impact is one way to control ball exit velocity in baseball. This is necessary to reduce injuries to defensive players and maintain the balance between offense and defense in the game. This paper presents a model for baseball velocity-dependent behavior. Force-displacement data were obtained using quasi-static compression tests to 50% of ball diameter (n = 70 baseballs). The force-displacement curves for a very stiff baseball (Model B) and a softer type (Model C) were characterized by a Mooney-Rivlin model using implicit finite element analysis (ANSYS software, version 6.1). Agreement between experimental and numerical results was excellent for both Model B (C10 = 0, C01 = 3.7e6 Pa) and Model C (C10 = 0, C01 = 2.6e6 Pa). However, this material model was not available in the ANSYS/LSDYNA explicit dynamic software (version 6.1) used to quantify the transient behavior of the ball. Therefore the modeling process was begun again using a linear viscoelastic material. G∞, the long-term shear modulus of the material, was determined by the same implicit FEA procedure. Explicit FEA was used to quantify the time-dependent response of each ball in terms of instantaneous shear modulus (G0) and a decay term (β). The results were evaluated with respect to published experimental data for the ball coefficient of restitution at five velocities (13.4–40.2 ms–1) and were in agreement with the experimental values. The model forms the basis for future research on baseball response to impact with the bat.
Attitudes of Sport Fans Toward the Electronic Sign-Stealing Scandal in Major League Baseball: Differing Associations With Perfectionism and Excellencism
Patrick Gaudreau and Benjamin J.I. Schellenberg
pursue perfection hold less unfavorable attitudes toward cheating. The Recent Case of Cheating in Professional Baseball Cheating has existed throughout history and across all walks of life ( Cuadrado et al., 2021 ). From the Chicago White Sox, who voluntarily lost the 1919 World Series in exchange for
The Effects of Contralateral Trunk Tilt on Elbow Varus Torque in Baseball Pitchers: A Critically Appraised Topic
Sierra Hakanson, Samuel T. Johnson, Emily C. Norcross, and Cathleen N. Brown
measure, 5 , 6 trunk tilt presents an opportunity for an easily identifiable and modifiable factor to reduce UCL loading and possibly injury. The purpose of this critically appraised topic (CAT) was to examine contralateral trunk tilt in baseball pitchers at the point of maximum external rotation, and to
How Baseball Players Prepare to Bat: Tactical Knowledge as a Mediator of Expert Performance in Baseball
Sue L. McPherson and Clare MacMahon
Our understanding of the role of tactical knowledge in baseball batting preparation is scarce, thereby limiting training guidelines. We examined the verbal reports of baseball players and nonplayers when told to view different edited video sequences of a half-inning of baseball competition under different task conditions: to prepare to bat (problem solve); recall as much information as possible (intentional recall); or prepare to bat, with an unexpected recall (incidental recall). Separate mixed-model ANOVAs (Expertise X Instruction conditions) on verbal report measures indicated that nonplayers used general strategies for recalling baseball events and lacked the tactical skills to use such information for their upcoming times at bat. In contrast, players used baseball-specific strategies to encode and retrieve pertinent game events from long-term memory (LTM) to develop tactics for their upcoming times at bat and to recall as much information as possible. Recommendations for training tactical skills are presented as some players exhibited defciencies in the LTM structures that mediate batting decisions.
Transient Ischemic Attack in a 22-Year-Old NCAA Division I Baseball Athlete: A Case Study
Daisy Luera, Ronald L. Snarr, Sara Posson, Ioannis Liras, George Liras, and Erica M. Filep
the TIA incident. This case study highlights an unusual occurrence of TIA in an NCAA Division I baseball athlete that also demonstrates the need for athletic trainers and emergency action plans (EAPs). Case Presentation A 22-year-old male (74.4 kg, 172.72 cm) NCAA Division I baseball shortstop with no
