reducing comorbidities and risk of lifestyle diseases including obesity, coronary heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and some forms of cancer. 10 Emerging evidence also suggests that PA may enhance cognitive function and lower risk of cognitive decline and dementia. 11 PA may also protect against
Search Results
The Relationship Between Habitual Physical Activity, Sitting Time, and Cognitive Function in Young Adult Women
Eka Peng Cox, Rebecca Cook, Nicholas O’Dwyer, Cheyne Donges, Helen Parker, Hoi Lun Cheng, Katharine Steinbeck, Janet Franklin, and Helen O’Connor
Association of Ankle Sprain Frequency With Body Mass and Self-Reported Function: A Pooled Multisite Analysis
Adam B. Rosen, Abbis Jaffri, Andrew Mitchell, Rachel M. Koldenhoven, Cameron J. Powden, John J. Fraser, Janet E. Simon, Matthew Hoch, and Christopher J. Burcal
Lateral ankle sprains are the most common musculoskeletal injury, with health care costs being a significant burden for patients and the United States health care system. 1 , 2 Individuals that sprain their ankle have difficulty restoring their preinjury levels of function with high occurrence of
Cognitive Functioning as a Moderator in the Relationship Between the Perceived Neighborhood Physical Environment and Physical Activity in Belgian Older Adults
Freja Gheysen, Karel Herman, and Delfien Van Dyck
transport ( Van Holle, Van Cauwenberg, De Bourdeaudhuij, et al., 2016 ). Finally, using the same sample, it was shown that the physical functioning of older adults interacts with neighborhood walkability; high-walkable neighborhoods were found to be more favorable to engage in transport walking, but only
“Shall We Dance?” Older Adults’ Perspectives on the Feasibility of a Dance Intervention for Cognitive Function
Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani, Anthony Papathomas, Jonathan Foster, Eleanor Quested, and Nikos Ntoumanis
of research evidence shows that physical activity can improve health ( Marques et al., 2014 ), daily functioning ( Fiatarone Singh, 2002 ), well-being, and quality of life (e.g., Park, Thøgersen-Ntoumani, Ntoumanis, Stenling, & Fenton, 2017 ) in older adults. Of particular relevance for this study
Long-Term Physical Activity May Modify Brain Structure and Function: Studies in Young Healthy Twins
Ina M. Tarkka, Pekka Hautasaari, Heidi Pesonen, Eini Niskanen, Mirva Rottensteiner, Jaakko Kaprio, Andrej M. Savić, and Urho M. Kujala
participant to ensure that no signs or symptoms of any illnesses were present. Structural plasticity in the brain was assessed with the whole-brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and sensitive neurophysiological assessments of automatic, involuntary somatosensory, and visual cortical functions were
Associations Between Physical Function and Subjective Well-Being in Older Adults From Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Results From the Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (SAGE)
Theresa E. Gildner, J. Josh Snodgrass, Clare Evans, and Paul Kowal
( Berkman et al., 2015 ). In response to the growing number of older adults globally, several studies on global aging have sought to identify factors promoting health at increasingly advanced ages. For example, maintaining a high level of physical function has been linked with improved well-being at older
The Effects of Aerobic Versus Cognitively Demanding Exercise Interventions on Executive Functioning in School-Aged Children: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial
Anna Meijer, Marsh Königs, Irene M.J. van der Fels, Chris Visscher, Roel J. Bosker, Esther Hartman, and Jaap Oosterlaan
biomedical studies) have identified several underlying mechanisms which may explain the beneficial effects of physical activity on neurocognitive functioning. A single bout of physical activity has been shown to directly enhance cerebral blood flow and to trigger the upregulation of neurotransmitters (e
Effects of Water-Based Exercise Training on the Cognitive Function and Quality of Life of Healthy Adult Women
Carlos Ayán, Paulo Carvalho, Silvia Varela, and José María Cancela
necessary, as it has been observed that exercise has a selective protective effect on the cognitive function of middle-aged women. 3 However, research on the relationship between physical exercise training and cognitive function in healthy adult people remains scarce, particularly in women, who have been
A Longitudinal Analysis of the Executive Functions in High-Level Soccer Players
Adam Beavan, Vincent Chin, Louise M. Ryan, Jan Spielmann, Jan Mayer, Sabrina Skorski, Tim Meyer, and Job Fransen
while negating acting on impulsive decisions, which can be attributed to the simultaneous development of cognitive control functions, such as working memory, inhibition, and flexibility ( Diamond & Lee, 2011 ). These three cognitive abilities are known as core executive functions (EFs), a type of high
Aging, Respiratory Function, and Exercise
Roy J. Shephard
Aging leads to a progressive deterioration of lung function, including a decrease of vital capacity, an increase of residual volume, a tendency for the airways to collapse during expiration, enlargement of all components of the respiratory dead space, a poor mixing of inspired gas, poor matching of ventilation with perfusion, a decrease of pulmonary diffusing capacity, and a substantial increase in the work of breathing. Ventilatory demand is increased during most physical tasks, but arterial blood homeostasis is surprisingly well maintained when elderly persons undertake vigorous exercise because peak cardiac output declines in parallel with the loss of ventilatory function. However, dyspnea progressively restricts peak effort as one ages. The exercise specialist cannot restore aged or damaged pulmonary tissue but can attempt to reduce the rate of future functional loss by encouraging smoking cessation, avoiding air pollution, and controlling acute infections. Enhanced fitness, stronger skeletal muscles, and better coordination can reduce ventilatory demand. Resisted breathing exercises may also strengthen the chest muscles and allow a mechanically more efficient pattern of breathing.
