Manual exploration of objects during early childhood is among those critical behaviors that lay the foundation of “tool use,” one of the most advanced human motor skills ( Lockman & Kahrs, 2017 ). The act of exploration in the first year serves as sensory feedback of objects that evolve into a more
Search Results
Automated Classification of Manual Exploratory Behaviors Using Sensorized Objects and Machine Learning: A Preliminary Proof-of-Concept Study
Priya Patel, Harsh Pandya, Rajiv Ranganathan, and Mei-Hua Lee
Fundamental Motor Skill Performance of Indigenous and Nonindigenous Children
Marcelo Gonçalves Duarte, Glauber Carvalho Nobre, Thábata Viviane Brandão Gomes, and Rodolfo Novelino Benda
. This finding may suggest that the experiences, opportunities, and lifestyle usually observed in indigenous villages may favor the development of such skills, which are typical of childhood. Moreover, the higher performance of boys compared with girls, both IN and NIN, may be explained by the higher
Pictorial Scale of Physical Self-Concept for Brazilian Children: Validity and Reliability
Glauber Carvalho Nobre, Marcelo Gonçalves Duarte, Rodrigo Flores Sartori, Maike Tietjens, and Nadia Cristina Valentini
, especially in childhood. To date, various instruments, such as the Self-Description Questionnaire ( Marsh et al., 1994 ), the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire ( Marsh, Martin, & Jackson, 2010 ; Marsh, Richards, Johnson, Roche, & Tremayne, 1994 ), the Perceived Physical Competence Scale for Children
Development and Construct Validation of a Questionnaire for Measuring Affordances for Motor Behavior of Schoolchildren
Fábio Saraiva Flôres, Luis Paulo Rodrigues, and Rita Cordovil
-aged children (e.g., Dias et al., 2017 ; Gubbels et al., 2012 ; Kjønniksen et al., 2009 ; Monsur et al., 2017 ; Mota et al., 2005 ; Nettlefold et al., 2011 ; Ward et al., 2008 ). The major focus of research has been in infancy and early childhood and in the home setting, as we can notice when analyzing
Ability of Adjusting Grip Strength From Childhood to Adulthood
Chiaki Ohtaka and Motoko Fujiwara
studies have examined individuals in childhood ( Harbst et al., 2000 ). Although the development of physical strength from childhood to adulthood has been investigated in many previous studies ( Bohannon et al., 2017 ; Budziareck et al., 2008 ; Cohen et al., 2010 ), studies on the development of skills
Construct Validity and Reliability of the Affordances for Motor Behavior of Schoolchildren in South India
Vinuta Deshpande, Pratiksha Kalgutkar, Ana Filipa Silva, and Fábio Saraiva Flôres
. ( 1984 ). The HOME inventory and family demographics . Developmental Psychology, 20 ( 2 ), Article 315 . 10.1037/0012-1649.20.2.315 Bradley , R. , Caldwell , B. , & Corwyn , R. ( 2003 ). The child care HOME inventories: Assessing the quality of family child care homes . Early Childhood
Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Test of Gross Motor Development—Third Edition
E. Kipling Webster and Dale A. Ulrich
With recent revisions, the evaluation of the reliability and validity of the Test of Gross Motor Development—3rd edition (TGMD-3) is necessary. The TGMD-3 was administered to 807 children (M age = 6.33 ± 2.09 years; 52.5% male). Reliability assessments found that correlations with age were moderate to large; ball skills had a higher correlation (r = .47) compared with locomotor skills (r = .39). Internal consistency was very high in each age group and remained excellent for all racial/ethnic groups and both sexes. Test-retest reliability had high ICC agreements for the locomotor (ICC = 0.97), ball skills (ICC = 0.95), and total TGMD-3 (ICC = 0.97). For validity measures, the TGMD-3 had above acceptable item difficulty (range = 0.43–0.91) and item discrimination values (range = 0.34–0.67). EFA supported a one-factor structure of gross motor skill competence for the TGMD-3 with 73.82% variance explained. CFA supported the one-factor model (χ2(65) = 327.61, p < .001, CFI = .95, TLI = .94, RMSEA = .10), showing acceptable construct validity for the TGMD-3. Preliminary results show the TGMD-3 exhibits high levels of validity and reliability, providing confidence for the usage and collection of new norms.
A Longitudinal Examination of the Accuracy of Perceived Physical Competence in Middle Childhood
Stephanie Field, Jeff Crane, Patti-Jean Naylor, and Viviene Temple
Developmental experts have theorized that during the transition from early to middle childhood, perceptions of physical competence will become more accurate ( Harter, 2012b ; Robinson, Stodden, Barnett, & Lopes, 2015 ; Stodden et al., 2008 ). Understanding this process is important because boys
Assessment of a Supine-to-Stand (STS) Task in Early Childhood: A Measure of Functional Motor Competence
Danielle Nesbitt, Sergio L. Molina, Maria Teresa Cattuzzo, Leah E. Robinson, David Phillips, and David Stodden
This paper examined relationships between qualitative (developmental sequences) and quantitative (time) performance in rising from a supine position in early childhood. One hundred twenty two children ranging in age from 3 to 5 years were videotaped for five trials of rising from a supine position. Children’s performance on the supine-to-stand (STS) task was quite variable in terms of both qualitative movement patterns and time (mean = 2.37 s, SD = .60). Results: Component sequences were moderately to strongly correlated with each other (r = .387 to .791). Upper-extremity (r = –.383) and axial (r = –.416) component levels also were inversely correlated with STS time. Results indicated a strong coordinative link between the development of trunk control (i.e., axial movement) and upper-extremity movement levels (r = .791), and together they demonstrated the strongest impact on the ability to rise quickly. These data provide important information relating to a child’s motor development that may have clinical relevance for diagnosis. It provides also a greater understanding on how to improve performance on this task. Future research should examine qualitative and quantitative aspects of STS performance to understand its predictive utility as a lifespan assessment of motor competence and its potential importance as a measure to predict healthrelated variables and functional capability across the lifespan.
Assessment of Motor Development in Childhood: Contemporary Issues, Considerations, and Future Directions
Priscila Tamplain, E. Kipling Webster, Ali Brian, and Nadia C. Valentini
provide a clear picture of motor development status. The broad purpose here is to explore and discuss several aspects associated with assessing motor development. To narrow down our discussion, the focus of this paper is specific to the assessment of motor development in childhood. Within this manuscript
