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Cross-Cultural Comparison of Satellite Fanship: A Consumer Culture Theory Perspective

Yiran Su, Xiaochen Zhou, Daniel Funk, and Jason Daniels

 al., 2011 ), whereas Chinese fans are influenced by sports affinity and media ( Bodet et al., 2020 ; Pu & James, 2017 ; Shen et al., 2021 ). However, these studies often isolate individual markets, neglecting a wider, cross-cultural view ( Bodet et al., 2020 ; Li et al., 2019 ). Marketing literature has

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A Conceptual Model of the Corporate Decision-Making Process of Sport Sponsorship Acquisition

David Arthur, Don Scott, and Terry Woods

The general acceptance of sport sponsorship by corporate and sporting worlds alike has led to a situation whereby corporations receive from hundreds to thousands of unsolicited proposals annually. Despite this, there is a general lack of systematic research into sport sponsorship with little information in existence as to how corporations decide between alternative properties. In an attempt to address this situation, this paper develops a conceptual model of the sport sponsorship acquisition process based on the basic tenets of organizational purchasing behavior, contemporary literature on sport sponsorship, and the results of a qualitative study. It is anticipated that the Sport Sponsorship Acquisition Model will form the basis for further scholarly research to ascertain the precise nature of the acquisition process.

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Urban Regimes and the Sporting Events Agenda: A Cross-National Comparison of Civic Development Strategies

Laura Misener and Daniel S. Mason

This article examines the coalitions undergirding comprehensive sport-centered growth agendas in three cities actively pursuing sporting event development strategies: Edmonton, Canada; Manchester, United Kingdom; and Melbourne, Australia. Using DiGaetano and Klemanski’s (1999) study of modes of urban governance as a starting point, we review each city’s urban political economy, urban governing agenda, and urban governing alliances. We then discuss whether coalitions in each of the cities can be identified as regimes, by examining the conditions required for the presence of regimes developed by Dowding (2001). Results suggest the presence of regimes in each city, which can be best described using Stoker and Mossberger’s (1994) symbolic regime, developed in their typology of regimes for cross-national research. However, the cities differ slightly, with Edmonton exhibiting the characteristics of a progressive version of a symbolic regime, whereas Manchester and Melbourne more closely resemble urban revitalization regimes.

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Managing Diversity to Provide Culturally Safe Sport Programming: A Case Study of the Canadian Red Cross’s Swim Program

Kyle A. Rich and Audrey R. Giles

This article examines the piloting of a cultural safety training module in the Canadian Red Cross’s (CRC’s) Water Safety Instructor Development Program. Thematic analysis of interviews with program participants and facilitators revealed two main themes: Inclusion is important and valued by instructors, and accommodation for cultural and ethnic diversity is difficult to achieve in aquatics settings. Doherty and Chelladurai’s (1999) framework was used to understand the strengths and weaknesses of the pilot module. In conclusion, the authors propose that cultural safety training for the instructors alone will not lead to the provision of culturally safe sport; rather, there needs to be a change in the overall organizational culture in which the CRC’s programs are offered if they are to succeed. These findings make three contributions to the literature. First, the authors bridge the existing bodies of literature on critical Whiteness theory and sport management literature that addresses the management of diversity. Second, the authors explore the novel application of cultural safety training for instructors of a sport program. Finally, the authors offer recommendations to enable the development of an organizational culture that is facilitative and supportive with respect to inclusion (i.e., is welcoming) and accommodation (i.e., is flexible and adaptable) of cultural and ethnic diversity in aquatics programming.

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Data Envelopment Analysis and Cross-Efficiency Evaluation in the Management of Sports Teams: The Assessment of Game Performance of Players in the Spanish Handball League

Óscar Gutiérrez and José L. Ruiz

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and cross-efficiency evaluation are shown as support tools for sports team management in the context of a study of assessment of the individual game performance of handball players of the Spanish premier league. A sample of 66 players that play as backs in their teams is evaluated from the perspective of their offensive game. DEA yields a measure of the overall performance of the game of the players, and allows to identifying relative strengths and weaknesses by means of a benchmarking analysis. The cross-efficiency evaluation has provided a peer-appraisal of the players with the different patterns of game that the 10 players rated as efficient have used in the DEA assessments, and has made it possible to derive a full ranking of players.

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Leveraging Events to Develop Collaborative Partnerships: Examining the Formation and Collaborative Dynamics of the Ontario Parasport Legacy Group

Laura Misener, Landy Di Lu, and Robert Carlisi

that can be leveraged, recently scholars have indicated the importance of developing collaborative partnerships between event stakeholders and across various sectors ( Bell & Gallimore, 2015 ; Darcy & Appleby, 2011 ; Girginov, Peshin, & Belousov, 2017 ; Harrison-Hill & Chalip, 2005 ). A cross

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The Gradual Normalization of Behaviors Which Might Challenge Ethical and Professional Standards in Two British Elite Sports Organizations

Niels Boysen Feddersen and Simon Edward Phelan

to the nuances of each case ( Smith et al., 2014 ). From the initial case-specific analysis, a cross-case examination was conducted in two phases. The first phase was informed by Bartlett and Vavrus’ ( 2017 ) three axes approach, comparing cases: horizontally in respect to how the social policies or

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Governance of Post-Olympic Games Legacy Organizations: A Comparative Study

Jinsu Byun, Mathew Dowling, and Becca Leopkey

between WSL and its stakeholders tends to be informal and voluntary: I suppose it’s a loose collaboration, as a freestanding organization. The way I look at our relationship is that it has to be conducive for both parties . . . . We operate side by side and when paths cross, we collaborate. (WSL 1

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Why Do Unfairly Paid Trainees Persist? Pay Fairness and Human Capital Investment in Development Leagues

Christopher M. McLeod and Nola Agha

trainees should help us elucidate the key variables that explain why trainees persist in situations where typical employees would not. Method Participants and Procedure Maier et al. ( 2016 ) note the rarity of cross-sectional research on professional athletes due to the difficulty of gathering primary data

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Methods and Criteria Employed in the Evaluation of Intercollegiate Coaches

Heather Barber and Jean Eckrich

This investigation examined the procedures employed by NCAA Division I, II, and ΙΠ athletic directors (ADs) in evaluating their cross country and basketball coaches. Three components were examined: individual input, methods, and criteria for evaluation. Questionnaires were mailed to 660 ADs, and final analyses were conducted on 389 responses. ADs most commonly sought input from athletes, coaches' self-evaluations, senior associate ADs, and university administrators in the evaluation process. Meetings with coaches and watching contests were rated as important methods of evaluation. Factor analyses of evaluation criteria revealed 8 evaluation factors for basketball coaches and 7 for cross country coaches with different underlying structures. For basketball coaches, unique solutions were created for technical-skill development and coach-player relationships. For cross country coaches, these items loaded together creating a general player development factor. MANOVAs examining divisional differences in the evaluation process indicated that significant differences existed between sports and across divisions.