Dietary food records from adolescent male and female swimmers participating in a national developmental training camp were analyzed for nutrient density. The mean caloric intake was 5,221.6 kcal for males and 3,572.6 kcal for females. The distribution of calories between carbohydrates, protein, and fat was not ideal for athletes trying to optimize performance. These young swimmers consumed too much fat and not enough carbohydrate. They consumed more than the RDA of vitamins A and C, and thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin; however, some concern is expressed for females who did not meet the RDA for calcium and iron. This study shows that although a group of adolescent swimmers may be consuming enough nutrients, individual swimmers may have very poor dietary habits and thus may not be providing adequate fuel or nutrients for optimal training or performance.
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The Nutritional Habits of Young Adolescent Swimmers
Jacqueline R. Berning, John P. Troup, Peter J. VanHandel, Jack Daniels, and Nancy Daniels
Auditing the Representation of Females Versus Males in Heat Adaptation Research
Monica K. Kelly, Ella S. Smith, Harry A. Brown, William T. Jardine, Lilia Convit, Steven J. Bowe, Dominique Condo, Joshua H. Guy, Louise M. Burke, Julien D. Périard, Rhiannon M.J. Snipe, Rodney J. Snow, and Amelia J. Carr
as established by McKay et al. ( 2022 ) • Tier 0 (sedentary) • Tier 1 (recreationally active) • Tier 2 (trained/developmental) • Tier 3 (highly trained/national) • Tier 4 (elite/international) • Tier 5 (world class) Menstrual status and grade Menstrual status • NM or eumenorrheic females (meeting
Female Athlete Representation and Dietary Control Methods Among Studies Assessing Chronic Carbohydrate Approaches to Support Training
Megan A. Kuikman, Alannah K.A. McKay, Ella S. Smith, Kathryn E. Ackerman, Rachel Harris, Kirsty J. Elliott-Sale, Trent Stellingwerff, and Louise M. Burke
-only, mixed-sex cohort, male versus female design features (MvFdes), and male versus female subanalysis (MvFsub). b. Athletic caliber as previously established ( McKay et al., 2022 ): Tier 0 (sedentary), Tier 1 (recreationally active), Tier 2 (trained/developmental), Tier 3 (highly trained/national), Tier 4
Effect of Exercise Duration on Subsequent Appetite and Energy Intake in Obese Adolescent Girls
Julie Masurier, Marie-Eve Mathieu, Stephanie Nicole Fearnbach, Charlotte Cardenoux, Valérie Julian, Céline Lambert, Bruno Pereira, Martine Duclos, Yves Boirie, and David Thivel
-0200 Rowland , T.W. ( 1996 ). Developmental exercise physiology . Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics . Schwartz , C. , King , N.A. , Perreira , B. , Blundell , J.E. , & Thivel , D. ( 2016 ). A systematic review and meta-analysis of energy and macronutrient intake responses to physical activity
Acute Consumption of Varied Doses of Cocoa Flavanols Does Not Influence Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage
Liam D. Corr, Adam Field, Deborah Pufal, Jenny Killey, Tom Clifford, Liam D. Harper, and Robert J. Naughton
, M.E. ( 2002 ). Modulation of TNF-alpha secretion in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by cocoa flavanols and procyanidins . Developmental Immunology, 9 ( 3 ), 135 – 141 . PubMed ID: 12885154 doi:10.1080/1044667031000137601 10.1080/1044667031000137601 Morgan , P.T. , Wollman , P
L-Arginine Improves Endurance to High-Intensity Interval Exercises in Overweight Men
Ali Daraei, Sajad Ahmadizad, Hiwa Rahmani, Anthony C. Hackney, Kelly E. Johnson, Ismail Laher, Ayoub Saeidi, and Hassane Zouhal
: 21977155 Nosarev , A.V. , Smagliy , L.V. , Anfinogenova , Y. , Popov , S.V. , & Kapilevich , L.V. ( 2015 ). Exercise and NO production: Relevance and implications in the cardiopulmonary system . Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 2, 73 . PubMed ID: 25610830 doi:10.3389/fcell.2014
Prevalence of Indicators of Low Energy Availability in Elite Female Sprinters
Jennifer Sygo, Alexandra M. Coates, Erik Sesbreno, Margo L. Mountjoy, and Jamie F. Burr
indicators in female elite sprint athletes ( n = 13) at preseason (PRE), and after 5 months of indoor training (POST). Discussion The present study is the first to demonstrate that elite and developmental female athletics sprinters exhibit signs and symptoms of LEA and RED-S. Historically, sprinters have
An Opinion on the Interpretation of Bone Turnover Markers Following Acute Exercise or Nutrition Intervention and Considerations for Applied Research
Mark J. Hutson and Ian Varley
nutrition intervention may be relied upon to inform applied practice aiming to optimize bone health during developmental and older years in athletes and nonathletes. Bone Turnover Markers BTMs are typically products or signaling molecules released into the circulation during one or more stages of
Macronutrient Intakes of Male Rugby Union Players: A Review
Katherine Elizabeth Black, Alistair David Black, and Dane Frances Baker
al. ( 2015a ) reported mean weekly in-season energy expenditure using sense wear armband technology, they showed that forwards expend 15.9 ± 0.5 MJ/day and backs expend 14.0 ± 0.4 MJ/day in the Northern Hemisphere, and MacKenzie et al. ( 2015 ) report 18.6 MJ/day (∼18,620 kJ/day) among developmental players
The Effects of Caffeine Mouth Rinsing on Exercise Performance: A Systematic Review
Alex M. Ehlert, Hannah M. Twiddy, and Patrick B. Wilson
characterization to modulation of TAS2Rs . Seminars in cell & developmental biology , 24 ( 3 ), 215 – 221 . doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2012.08.006 10.1016/j.semcdb.2012.08.006 22947915 Blanchard , J. , & Sawers , S.J.A . ( 1983 ). The absolute bioavailability of caffeine in man . European Journal of Clinical
