in individuals with PD, including noncontact boxing ( Combs et al., 2011 ) and Tai Chi ( Hackney & Earhart, 2008 ), which can elicit improvements in balance and posture in this population. Equine-assisted activities and therapies (EAAT) are other modalities of alternative exercise that have gained
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Leah S. Goudy, Brandon Rhett Rigby, Lisa Silliman-French, and Kevin A. Becker
Charles F. Wheeler III
Christopher D. Black and Patrick J. O’Connor
Ginger has known hypoalgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. The effects of an oral dose of ginger on quadriceps muscle pain, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and recovery of oxygen consumption were examined during and after moderateintensity cycling exercise. Twenty-five college-age participants ingested a 2-g dose of ginger or placebo in a double-blind, crossover design and 30 min later completed 30 min of cycling at 60% of VO2peak. Quadriceps muscle pain, RPE, work rate, heart rate (HR), and oxygen uptake (VO2) were recorded every 5 min during exercise, and HR and VO2 were recorded for 20 min after exercise. Compared with placebo, ginger had no clinically meaningful or statistically significant effect on perceptions of muscle pain, RPE, work rate, HR, or VO2 during exercise. Recovery of VO2 and HR after the 30-min exercise bout followed a similar time course in the ginger and placebo conditions. The results were consistent with related findings showing that ingesting a large dose of aspirin does not acutely alter quadriceps muscle pain during cycling, and this suggests that prostaglandins do not play a large role in this type of exercise-induced skeletal-muscle pain. Ginger consumption has also been shown to improve VO2 recovery in an equine exercise model, but these results show that this is not the case in humans.
Tyler J. Noble and Robert F. Chapman
RA , Moran C , Wilson RH , Goodwin WH , Pitsiladis YP . Genetic influence on East African running success . Equine Comp Exerc Physiol . 2004 ; 1 : 273 – 280 . doi:10.1079/ECP200434 10.1079/ECP200434 14. Scott RA , Pitsiladis YP . Genotypes and distance running . Sports Med
Caoimhe Tiernan, Mark Lyons, Tom Comyns, Alan M. Nevill, and Giles Warrington
horses . Equine Vet J . 2006 ; 38 : 274 – 278 . doi:10.1111/j.2042-3306.2006.tb05552.x 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2006.tb05552.x 16. Bishop PA , Jones E , Woods AK . Recovery from training: a brief review . J Strength Cond Res . 2008 ; 22 ( 3 ): 1015 – 1024 . PubMed ID: 18438210 doi:10.1519/JSC.0b
Kylie A. Legg, Darryl J. Cochrane, Erica K. Gee, Paul W. Macdermid, and Chris W. Rogers
using Polar human and equine HR monitors attached via Bluetooth to their respective watches (Polar V800 sports watch) each containing a GPS unit at a sampling rate of 1 Hz. Linear accelerations and displacements of horse and jockey were determined via synchronized wireless, triaxial accelerometers with
Thomas W. Jones, Barry C. Shillabeer, and Marco Cardinale
equine athletes . J Equine Vet Sci . 2006 ; 26 ( 11 ): 507 – 516 . doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2006.09.007 10.1016/j.jevs.2006.09.007 3. Ring EFJ , Ammer K . Infrared thermal imaging in medicine . Physiol Meas . 2012 ; 33 : R33 – R46 . PubMed ID: 22370242 doi:10.1088/0967-3334/33/3/R33 10
Leanne K. Elliott, Jonathan A. Weiss, and Meghann Lloyd
parents reported feeling more relaxed, empowered, valued, proud, and satisfied as a result of their child’s participation in an equine-assisted intervention. These findings bring attention to the fact that interventions focused on motor development have the potential to positively influence other
Layne Case and Joonkoo Yun
skill competence postintervention, there were no significant improvements in their object control skills based on the Test of Gross Motor Development-3 (TGMD-3; Ulrich, 2017 ). Other interventions have included PA ( Pan et al., 2017 ), equine-assisted therapy ( De Milander, Bradley, & Fourie, 2016
Jonne A. Kapteijns, Kevin Caen, Maarten Lievens, Jan G. Bourgois, and Jan Boone
players . J Strength Cond Res . 2010 ; 24 ( 3 ): 629 – 638 . PubMed ID: 19704383 doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181a5bc59 19704383 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181a5bc59 12. Bourgois JG , Boone J . Science and practice of training human elite athletes . Equine Health and Nutrition Congress, 7th Edition ; March
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