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Does Supplemental Estrogen Improve Bone-Related Symptoms of Female Athlete Triad in Female Athletes? A Critically Appraised Topic

Elizabeth Hollenczer, Angelica Esposito, and Erin M. Moore

Clinical Scenario Female Athlete Triad (Triad) is defined as interconnected symptoms including low energy availability with or without an eating disorder, menstrual dysfunction ranging from oligomenorrhea to amenorrhea, and compromised bone mineral density (BMD). 1 , 2 This syndrome is

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The Effects of Instruction Exercises on Performance and Kinetic Factors Associated With Lower-Extremity Injury in Landing After Volleyball Blocks

Anis Rostami, Amir Letafatkar, Alli Gokeler, and Mehdi Khaleghi Tazji

authors hypothesized that an EF of attention could improve performance and dynamic postural stability, but meanwhile decrease the GRF and the rate of loading (ROL) in landing after volleyball blocks of female athletes. Methods Study Design It was a pretest and posttest control study, which was done in a

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Quadriceps Function and Athletic Performance in Highly Trained Female Athletes

Frederick J. Henderson, Wakana Sasakabe, Kuwano Satoshi, Norihiro Shima, and Yohei Shimokochi

to perform as before and at a higher risk of reinjury. 2 , 8 Quadriceps dysfunction is problematic especially in female athletes because (1) the rate of ACL injuries among female athletes is up to nearly 4 times higher than among male athletes in college sports 10 and (2) female athletes are

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Effectiveness of Augmented Feedback on Drop Landing Using Baseline Vertical Ground Reaction in Female Athletes

Becky Heinert, Drew Rutherford, and Thomas W. Kernozek

knees display early degenerative arthritis. 6 , 7 There is considerable interest in the identification of female athletes at greater risk for ACL injury and in the utilization of preventative programs. Despite ACL injury etiology considered being multifactorial, gender, landing with a stiffened pattern

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Weak Hip Strength Increases Dynamic Knee Valgus in Single-Leg Tasks of Collegiate Female Athletes

Kyndell R. Crowell, Ryan D. Nokes, and Nicole L. Cosby

increase in the DKV angle during single-leg landing tasks. Focused Clinical Question (PICO) Is decreased hip strength associated with an increase in DKV during a single-leg landing task in collegiate female athletes? Search Strategy A computerized search was completed in June 2020. The search terms used

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Relationship Between Knee Frontal Plane Projection Angle and Lower Limb Muscle Activity in Female Athletes

Luis Llurda-Almuzara, Max Canet-Vintró, Carlos López-de-Celis, Albert Perez-Bellmunt, Noé Labata-Lezaun, Ramón Aiguadé-Aiguadé, and Jacobo Rodriguez-Sanz

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a debilitating injury that affects both male and female athletes. 1 Incidence of female ACL is higher than males (males 4.35/100,000 athlete exposures; females 13.23/100,000 athlete exposures 2 ). Thus, research has been focusing on identifying ACL injury

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What Is the Most Effective Training Approach for Preventing Noncontact ACL Injuries in High School–Aged Female Athletes?

Erica M. Willadsen, Andrea B. Zahn, and Chris J. Durall

Clinical Scenario The high prevalence of noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in adolescent female athletes is thought to originate from hormonal, neuromuscular, and structural differences between sexes. 1 Although hormonal and structural factors are nonmodifiable, neuromuscular

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ACL Injuries in the Female Athlete

Mary Lloyd Ireland, Michael Gaudette, and Scott Crook

The high rate of noncontact ACL injuries in female athletes has become a prominent and controversial subject. This article attempts to provide insight into this trend in athletic injuries. Anatomic, physiological, and biomechanical differences are discussed as possible causative factors. Epidemiological data regarding ACL injuries are reviewed, comparing the genders. The discussion also includes anecdotal findings that support current research. This review is intended to raise awareness of the problem and promote screening for risk factors and implementation of more thorough and aggressive preventive programs.

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Does Neuromuscular Training Reduce the Risk of Lower-Extremity Musculoskeletal Injury in High School Female Athletes With a History of Sport-Related Concussion?

April L. McPherson, Taylor M. Zuleger, Kim D. Barber Foss, Shayla M. Warren, Jennifer A. Hogg, Jed A. Diekfuss, and Gregory D. Myer

ligament injury risk factors. Adolescent female athletes (12–18 y old) were recruited from local area middle and high school athletic teams (basketball, soccer, and volleyball) prior to the start of the competitive season (Figure  1 ). Participants were physically able to participate in their sport and

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Female Athletes With Varying Levels of Vertical Stiffness Display Kinematic and Kinetic Differences During Single-Leg Hopping

Justin P. Waxman, Kevin R. Ford, Anh-Dung Nguyen, and Jeffrey B. Taylor

kinetic characteristics between adolescent female athletes with varying levels of vertical stiffness, as evaluated via a stationary single-leg hopping task. We hypothesized that athletes with lower stiffness would display lesser peak vertical ground reaction forces, greater peak joint angles and joint