The call to prioritize research in female athletes continues to grow louder, with researchers and innovators keenly rising to the challenge. A recent increase in female-specific research publications 1 and the continued growth of the “fem-tech” industry are signs of positive change. However, the
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Female Athlete Sport Science Versus Applied Practice: Bridging the Gap
Richard J. Burden, Anita Biswas, and Anthony C. Hackney
Period Prevalence and Perceived Side Effects of Hormonal Contraceptive Use and the Menstrual Cycle in Elite Athletes
Daniel Martin, Craig Sale, Simon B. Cooper, and Kirsty J. Elliott-Sale
discontinue HC use or the perceived side effects. Elite female athletes are required to train and compete while having to manage changes in sex hormone concentrations and the subsequent side effects. The current lack of understanding of these side effects is a barrier to implementing strategies to support
Impact of Premenstrual Syndrome Symptoms on Sport Routines in Nonelite Athlete Participants of Summer Olympic Sports
Raul C.R. Prado, Hannah N. Willett, Monica Y. Takito, and Anthony C. Hackney
athletes. Methods This is a cross-sectional study of nonelite female athletes with PMS symptoms participating in Olympic Sports recreationally. A flyer was developed to improve recruitment among Instagram users. Nonelite sports teams, coaches, and university leagues were also asked to share information
On-Field Methodological Approach to Monitor the Menstrual Cycle and Hormonal Phases in Elite Female Athletes
Marine Dupuit, Alice Meignié, Tom Chassard, Ludivine Blanquet, Julien LeHeran, Thomas Delaunay, Elise Bernardeau, Jean-François Toussaint, Martine Duclos, and Juliana Antero
Female athletes have hormonal and physiological characteristics that may require specific training adaptations. 1 The number of studies conducted on female athletes and, more specifically, on female soccer players has grown in recent years. 2 – 4 The impact of the natural-menstrual-cycle (NC
Vagally Derived Heart Rate Variability and Training Perturbations With Menses in Female Collegiate Rowers
Sara R. Sherman, Clifton J. Holmes, Alexander P. Demos, Tori Stone, Bjoern Hornikel, Hayley V. MacDonald, Michael V. Fedewa, and Michael R. Esco
has established a connection between HRV and fatigue accumulated from training, a majority of these studies did not include female athletes, nor investigate potential female-specific RMSSD responses. Female reproductive hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone, are introduced in a cyclic
Hormonal Contraceptive Use, Menstrual Dysfunctions, and Self-Reported Side Effects in Elite Athletes in Denmark
Mikkel Oxfeldt, Line B. Dalgaard, Astrid A. Jørgensen, and Mette Hansen
, improved knowledge within this field will benefit the female athlete. Menstrual disturbances (MD) are common; yet, the reported prevalence varies markedly between studies. 5 MD includes primary (absence of first menstruation when >15 y of age) and secondary amenorrhea (absence of menstruation after
The Acute Effect of Various Feedback Approaches on Sprint Performance, Motivation, and Affective Mood States in Highly Trained Female Athletes: A Randomized Crossover Trial
Larissa Di Bella, Kenji Doma, Wade Heath Sinclair, and Jonathan Douglas Connor
either included male participants 2 , 4 , 5 , 14 or a combination of males and females, 7 , 15 , 16 with even fewer studies on the effectiveness of KR in females athletes from team sports. Given the biological and sociocultural differences between male and female athletes, 17 feedback approaches may
The Effect of Competition on Salivary Testosterone in Elite Female Athletes
Lisa Dawn Hamilton, Sari M. van Anders, David N. Cox, and Neil V. Watson
The association between androgens and competition in women has been understudied compared with men. The current study examined the link between testosterone (T) and competition in elite female athletes, using a sample of female wrestlers that included athletes competing at both the national and international level. In a repeated-measures design, saliva samples were collected before and after wrestling bouts, with comparable samples of wins and losses, and subsequently analyzed for T. Study results showed a 22% increase in circulating bioavailable T from pre-to postbout, F(1, 12) = 9.71, P = .009. There was no significant difference in T between win or loss outcomes. These findings—showing a link between individual head-to-head competition and T in women—demonstrate that women’s androgenic responses to environmental contexts are dynamic and may be an important factor to address in research on competitive performance.
Heart-Rate Variability Recording Time and Performance in Collegiate Female Rowers
Sara R. Sherman, Clifton J. Holmes, Bjoern Hornikel, Hayley V. MacDonald, Michael V. Fedewa, and Michael R. Esco
adaptation and performance indices in collegiate female athletes throughout various periods of their competitive seasons. One other study has investigated the reliability of ultra-shorted HRV measurements across and between days in team sports. Nakamura et al 24 demonstrated superior interday and intraday
Effects of Unloaded Sprint and Heavy Sled Training on Sprint Performance in Physically Active Women
Fernando Pareja-Blanco, Eduardo Sáez de Villarreal, Beatriz Bachero-Mena, Ricardo Mora-Custodio, José Antonio Asián-Clemente, Irineu Loturco, and David Rodríguez-Rosell
method. Moreover, this is the first study to test the effects of heavy loads RST in women. Practical Applications This study provides a valuable insight for researchers and strength and conditioning coaches interested in prescribing RST for female athletes. Our findings suggest that the use of a sled
