time–motion analysis for locomotion is questionable, as movement patterns are simplified into categories where actual play involves the dynamic combination of several tasks, skills, and tactics. 4 To quantify locomotion workloads more accurately, researchers have utilized global positioning systems
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Quantifying Offense and Defense Workloads in Professional Rugby Union
Luke J. Stevens, Will G. Hopkins, Jessica A. Chittenden, Bianca Z. Koper, and Tiaki Brett Smith
Variation of Age-Related Changes in Endurance Performance Between Modes of Locomotion in Men: An Analysis of Master World Records
Romuald Lepers, Paul J. Stapley, and Thomas Cattagni
mode of locomotion influences the age-related changes in physical performance. It is interesting that these studies revealed that the decline in cycling was less pronounced than in swimming or running. 9 – 11 Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the smaller decline in cycling performance
The Metabolic Relevance of Type of Locomotion in Anaerobic Testing: Bosco Continuous Jumping Test Versus Wingate Anaerobic Test of the Same Duration
Sebastian Kaufmann, Olaf Hoos, Aaron Beck, Fabian Fueller, Richard Latzel, and Ralph Beneke
responses. The large differences in PP and MP between WAnT and CJ30 6 , 7 seem to be related to different types of locomotion with the use of elastic energy during the stretch shortening cycle (SSC) in the CJ30 jumping exercise. During the SSC, tendons and titin filaments can store and release elastic
Effectiveness of a Variable-Speed Control Based on Auditory Feedback: Is It Possible?
Leonardo Lagos-Hausheer, Renata L. Bona, and Carlo M. Biancardi
Humans in general move with variable speeds; despite this, the literature is extensive in studies of locomotion at constant and controlled speed. The experimental designs at constant speed on a treadmill have been more applied mainly because they are easily replicable in a controlled environment
Energy Cost of Locomotion in Blind Adolescents
Gisela Kobberling, Louis W. Jankowski, and Luc Leger
The oxygen consumption (VO2) of 30 (10 females, 20 males) legally blind adolescents and their sighted controls were compared for treadmill walking (3 mph, 4.8 km/h) and running (6 mph, 9.6 km/h). The VO2 of the visually impaired subjects averaged 24.4% and 10.8% higher than those of their same-sex age-matched controls, and 42.8% and 11.2% higher than the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) norms for walking (p<.01) and running (p<.05), respectively. The normal association between aerobic capacity and locomotor energy costs was evident among the sighted controls (r= .44, p<.05) but insignificant (r=.35, p>.05) for the visually impaired subjects. The energy costs of both walking and running were highest among the totally blind subjects, and decreased toward normal as a function of residual vision among the legally blind subjects. The energy costs of walking and running for blind adolescents are higher than both those of sighted controls and the ACSM norm values.
Consequences of Drafting on Human Locomotion: Benefits on Sports Performance
Jeanick Brisswalter and Christophe Hausswirth
Metabolic Power: A Step in the Right Direction for Team Sports
Ted Polglaze and Matthias W. Hoppe
Metabolic power ( P met ) has been proposed as a tool to estimate the energetic demands of variable-speed locomotion typically seen in team sports. 1 From the outset, it should be stated that this model is not able to fully account for the physical demands of team-sport activity, 2 , 3 but nor
Strength Training for Middle- and Long-Distance Performance: A Meta-Analysis
Nicolas Berryman, Iñigo Mujika, Denis Arvisais, Marie Roubeix, Carl Binet, and Laurent Bosquet
It is well established that maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2 max), the energy cost of locomotion (EC), and aerobic endurance (AE) are crucial factors in middle- and long-distance performance. 1 Together, these factors explained 72% of the performance variability among 36 runners who participated in the
Maximal Aerobic Power in Aging Men: Insights From a Record of 1-Hour Unaccompanied Cycling
Carlo Capelli
anaerobic capacity start really to decrease at the fourth decade of life? Eur J Appl Physiol . 2016 ; 116 : 2423 – 2424 . PubMed doi:10.1007/s00421-016-3472-1 27637590 10.1007/s00421-016-3472-1 3. Capelli C . Physiological determinants of best performances in human locomotion . Eur J Appl Physiol
Concurrent Training for Sports Performance: The 2 Sides of the Medal
Nicolas Berryman, Iñigo Mujika, and Laurent Bosquet
only by VO 2 max but also by aerobic endurance and the energy cost of locomotion (ECL). Interestingly, in a monograph publication dedicated to marathon performance, it was indicated that the latter determinant was a forgotten but crucial factor in elite running performance. 24 In support of this
