virtual reality training was accomplished by incorporating the following six games into circuit training: jogging for gait, swordplay for agility and balance, ski jump for balance, hula-hoop for balance and lower extremity strength, tennis for balance and agility, and step dance for gait and lower
Search Results
Virtual Reality Training With Three-Dimensional Video Games Improves Postural Balance and Lower Extremity Strength in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Yongwoo Lee, Wonjae Choi, Kyeongjin Lee, Changho Song, and Seungwon Lee
Cancer-Specific Mortality Relative to Engagement in Muscle-Strengthening Activities and Lower Extremity Strength
Scott J. Dankel, Jeremy P. Loenneke, and Paul D. Loprinzi
Previous research has demonstrated that having adequate lower extremity and upper body muscle strength (generally defined as averting the lower tertile or quartile) reduces the risk of all-cause mortality 1 – 3 ; however, less overt is the importance of skeletal muscle strength on cancer
Abdominal Circumference Versus Body Mass Index as Predictors of Lower Extremity Overuse Injury Risk
Nathaniel S. Nye, Drew S. Kafer, Cara Olsen, David H. Carnahan, and Paul F. Crawford
Lower extremity overuse injuries (LEOIs) are common in outpatient clinics 1 , 2 and are observed in both younger and older patients and in both the elite athlete 3 as well as the sedentary 4 individual. These injuries are particularly troublesome for the military, as they impair the ability to
Validation of Smartphone Accelerometry for the Evaluation of Sit-To-Stand Performance and Lower-Extremity Function in Older Adults
Yuwei Song, Momotaz Begum, Sajay Arthanat, and Dain P. LaRoche
Frequent and long-term monitoring of sit-to-stand (STS) time in older adults using body-worn mobile devices has the potential to increase the utility of this lower-extremity performance marker. Diminished lower-extremity function is associated with greater activity of daily living disability
Impact of a High Body Mass Index on Lower Extremity Injury in Marathon/Half-Marathon Participants
Tyler F. Vadeboncoeur, Scott M. Silvers, Walter C. Taylor, Shane A. Shapiro, Jennifer A. Roth, Nancy Diehl, Sherry M. Mahoney, and Michael M. Mohseni
Background:
To evaluate whether a high body mass index (BMI) predisposes marathon/half-marathon participants to lower extremity injuries.
Methods:
Consenting adult participants at the 2008 National Marathon to Fight Breast Cancer were enrolled in this observational study. The primary outcome measure was prevalence of self-reported lower extremity injury, during both training and race participation, with respect to BMI.
Results:
There were 194 subjects with complete data: 139 females (72%) and 55 males. Forty-six percent of females and 51% of males ran the full marathon (P = .63). Median BMI was 23.7 kg/m2 for females and 26.2 kg/m2 for males (P = .001). Eleven (24%) females in BMI tertile 1 (T1) suffered a training injury, while 9 (18%) from T2 and 4 (9%) from T3 suffered injuries (P = .072; OR 0.89; 95% CI 0.78 to 1.01). Twenty-six (19%) females suffered an injury during the race. Females in T1 were more likely to suffer a race-related injury (P = .038; OR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77 to 0.99). Females were 13% less likely to suffer a race-related injury with each 1-unit increase in BMI. Rates of injury did not differ by BMI tertile in males.
Conclusions:
A high BMI did not impart an increased risk of lower extremity injury during training or race participation.
Lower Extremity Muscular Strength and Leukocyte Telomere Length: Implications of Muscular Strength in Attenuating Age-Related Chronic Disease
Paul D. Loprinzi and Jeremy P. Loenneke
Objective:
Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) shortening is characteristic of aging and is associated with morbidity and mortality, independent of age. Research demonstrates that lower extremity muscular strength is associated with mobility, morbidity and mortality; however, no study, to our knowledge, had examined the association between lower extremity muscular strength and LTL, which was the purpose of this brief study.
Methods:
Data from the 1999–2002 NHANES was used (N = 2410; 50–85 years). Peak isokinetic knee extensor strength (IKES) was objectively measured with LTL assessed from a blood sample.
Results:
After adjustments, for every 50 N increase in IKES, participants had a 9% reduced odds (P = .04) of being in the 1st (vs. 4th) LTL quartile.
Discussion:
Lower extremity muscular strength is associated with LTL, suggesting a possible mechanism through which lower extremity muscular strength may be associated with morbidity and mortality.
Lower Extremity Muscle Strength and Risk of Self-Reported Hip or Knee Osteoarthritis
Jennifer M. Hootman, Shannon FitzGerald, Carol A. Macera, and Steven N. Blair
Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender-specific longitudinal association between quadriceps strength and self-reported, physician-diagnosed hip or knee osteoarthritis (OA).
Methods:
Subjects were 3081 community-dwelling adults who were free of OA, joint symptoms and injuries, completed a maximum treadmill exercise test, had isokinetic knee extension and flexion and isotonic leg press strength measurements taken at baseline and returned at least one written follow-up survey. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.
Results:
Women with moderate or high isokinetic quadriceps strength had a significantly reduced risk (55% to 64%) of hip or knee OA. A similar, nonsignificant trend was noted among men. Moderate isotonic leg press strength was protective for hip or knee osteoarthritis among men only.
Conclusions:
These results suggest that quadriceps weakness is an independent and modifiable risk factor for lower extremity OA, particularly among women.
Reliability of Lower Extremity Strength Measurements Using the Belt-Resisted Method
Johanne Desrosiers, François Prince, Annie Rochette, and Michel Raîche
The objectives of this study were to standardize measurement procedures and study the test-retest and interrater reliability of the belt-resisted method for measuring the lower extremity isometric strength of three muscle groups. The strength of 33 healthy, elderly, community-dwelling subjects was evaluated with a hand-held dynamometer using the belt-resisted method. Isometric strength testing of three muscle groups (hip flexors, knee extensors, and ankle dorsiflexors) was performed on two separate occasions, I week apart, by the same tester to determine test-retest reliability. The test results of two different examiners testing on different days were used to determine interrater reliability. Test-retest reliability was higher than interrater reliability. Test-retest reliability coefficients of the three muscle groups were high (J9-.95). For interrater reliability, intraclass correlation coefficients varied from .64 to .92. depending on the muscle group and side. For the two kinds of reliability, intraclass correlation coefficients increased from proximal to distal. The method for the hip muscle group should be modified to increase reliability of the measure.
Effects of Lower Extremity Strength Training on Functional Mobility in Older Adults
L. Jerome Brandon, Lisa W. Boyette, Deborah A. Gaasch, and Adrienne Lloyd
This study evaluated the effects of a 4-month lower extremity strength-training program on mobility in older adults. Eighty-five older adults (43 experimental, ES, and 42 comparison, CS) with a mean age of 72.3 years served as participants. The ES strength-trained plantar flexors (PF), knee flexors (KF), and knee extensors (KE) 1 hr/day, 3 days a week for 4 months. Both the ES and CS were evaluated for PF, KF, and KE strength (1 RM) and the time required to complete floor rise, chair rise, 50-ft walk, and walking up and down stairs before and after the training intervention. The ES increased (p < .05) both absolute (51.9%) and relative strength (1 RM/body weight, 52.4%) after training. Only chair-rise and floor-rise tasks improved significantly after training. Baseline and posttraining mobility tasks predicted from 1 RMs had low to moderate R values. These results suggest that strength is necessary for mobility, but increasing strength above baseline provides only marginal improvement in mobility for reasonably fit older adults.
Measuring Lower Extremity Strength in Older Adults: The Stability of Isokinetic versus 1RM Measures
George J. Salem, Man-Ying Wang, and Susan Sigward
In order to obtain joint-specific baseline strength characteristics in older adults, clinicians and researchers must have knowledge regarding the relative stability of the various strength tests (the strength difference between repeated measures) and the number of prebaseline practice sessions required to obtain consistent data. To address these needs, the relative multiple-test stability and reliability associated with lower extremity isokinetic and 1-repetition-maximum (1RM) strength measures were assessed in a sample of older adults (N = 30, 65.2 ± 6.3 years), over 4 weeks (T1-T4). Isokinetic ankle plantar-flexion (30°/s) strength and 1RM ankle plantar-flexion, leg-press, and knee-flexion strength exhibited poor stability between Weeks T1 and T2 but stabilized between Weeks T2 and T3 and Weeks T3 and T4. The measures exhibited low incidence of injury and induced low levels of residual muscle soreness. Findings suggest that the 1RM measures require at least 1 prebaseline training session in order to establish consistent baseline performance and are more reliable than isokinetic ankle plantar-flexion tests.
