The metabolic changes associated with the addition of 4 months of resistive exercise to an existing aerobic exercise program (AEX+RT, n = 7) were compared to a maintenance aerobic exercise program (AEX, n = 8) in overweight, older men. The subjects in this study had recently completed a 6-month aerobic exercise program (treadmill walking, 45 min/d, 2 d/wk). The AEX+RT group added 6 exercises on upper- and lower-body pneumatic-resistance machines (2 sets, 15 repetitions each, 2 d/wk) to an aerobic exercise program at ≥ 70% heart rate reserve for 30–40 min, 2 d/wk on treadmill, while the AEX group continued the same maintenance treadmill AEX program. There were no baseline differences in body weight, VO2max, or glucose metabolism between groups. The AEX+RT group increased upper- and lower-extremity strength by 28 ± 4% and 46 ± 6%, respectively (p < .05), despite a 9% decrease in VO2max (p < .05). VO2max did not change in the AEX group. There was no change in the fasting glucose or insulin levels, or the 3-h glucose responses to an oral glucose load in either group. The insulin responses decreased by 25 ± 4% in the AEX+RT group (p < .01) but did not change in the AEX group. In conclusion, the addition of resistive exercise training to an existing aerobic exercise program may improve insulin sensitivity in overweight, older men, and thus prevent the development of type 2 diabetes.
Search Results
Metabolic Effects of the Addition of Resistive to Aerobic Exercise in Older Men
Cynthia M. Ferrara, Susan H. McCrone, David Brendle, Alice S. Ryan, and Andrew P. Goldberg
Carbohydrate-Protein Drinks Do Not Enhance Recovery from Exercise-Induced Muscle Injury
Michael S. Green, Benjamin T. Corona, J. Andrew Doyle, and Christopher P. Ingalls
This study examined the effects of carbohydrate (CHO), carbohydrate-protein (CHO+PRO), or placebo (PLA) beverages on recovery from novel eccentric exercise. Female participants performed 30 min of downhill treadmill running (–12% grade, 8.0 mph), followed by consumption of a CHO, CHO+PRO, or PLA beverage immediately, 30, and 60 min after exercise. CHO and CHO+PRO groups (n = 6 per group) consumed 1.2 g · kg body weight–1 · hr–1 CHO, with the CHO+PRO group consuming an additional 0.3 g · kg body weight–1 · hr–1 PRO. The PLA group (n = 6) received an isovolumetric noncaloric beverage. Maximal isometric quadriceps strength (QUAD), lower extremity muscle soreness (SOR), and serum creatine kinase (CK) were assessed preinjury (PRE) and immediately and 1, 2, and 3 d postinjury to assess exercise-induced muscle injury and rate of recovery. There was no effect of treatment on recovery of QUAD (p = .21), SOR (p = .56), or CK (p = .59). In all groups, QUAD was reduced compared with PRE by 20.6% ± 1.5%, 17.2% ± 2.3%, and 11.3% ± 2.3% immediately, 1, and 2 d postinjury, respectively (p < .05). SOR peaked at 2 d postinjury (PRE vs. 2 d, 3.1 ± 1.0 vs. 54.0 ± 4.8 mm, p < .01), and serum CK peaked 1 d postinjury (PRE vs. 1 d, 138 ± 47 vs. 757 ± 144 U/L, p < .01). In conclusion, consuming a CHO+PRO or CHO beverage immediately after novel eccentric exercise failed to enhance recovery of exercise-induced muscle injury differently than what was observed with a PLA drink.
Acute Consumption of Varied Doses of Cocoa Flavanols Does Not Influence Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage
Liam D. Corr, Adam Field, Deborah Pufal, Jenny Killey, Tom Clifford, Liam D. Harper, and Robert J. Naughton
function and measures of perceived muscle soreness using a visual analog scale (VAS) and lower-extremity function scale (LEFS). All participants were classed as recreationally active and injury free for the previous 6-months (both informed via self-report) and were not taking any dietary supplements (e
Micronutrient Status During Military Training and Associations With Musculoskeletal Health, Injury, and Readiness Outcomes
Nicole M. Sekel, Mita Lovalekar, Kristen J. Koltun, Matthew B. Bird, Jennifer N. Forse, Brian J. Martin, and Bradley C. Nindl
3 (6%) 43 (24%) Height (cm) 165.00 ± 5.87 a 177.05 ± 6.74 a Body mass (kg) 65.49 ± 6.27 a 80.76 ± 8.67 a Body mass index (kg/m 2 ) 23.9 ± 2.0 a 25.9 ± 2.2 a Season testing occurred ( n , %) b Fall 5 (10%) 27 (15%) Winter 14 (28%) 82 (46%) Summer 31 (62%) 68 (38%) Lower-extremity overuse injury 15
Restrictive Eating and Prior Low-Energy Fractures Are Associated With History of Multiple Bone Stress Injuries
Sarah Gehman, Kathryn E. Ackerman, Signe Caksa, Sara E. Rudolph, Julie M. Hughes, Margaret Garrahan, Adam S. Tenforde, Mary L. Bouxsein, and Kristin L. Popp
Lower-extremity bone stress injuries (BSIs) are common in athletes and typically require 4–12 weeks rehabilitation time, provided the injury does not require surgery ( Cosman et al., 2013 ; Rizzone et al., 2017 ; Warden et al., 2014 ). Female long-distance runners have particularly high incidence
Correcting Vitamin D Insufficiency Improves Some But Not All Aspects of Physical Performance During Winter Training in Taekwondo Athletes
Hyun Chul Jung, Myong Won Seo, Sukho Lee, Sung Woo Jung, and Jong Kook Song
fractures ( Halliday et al., 2011 ). A recent study also reported that elite football players with inadequate vitamin D levels showed a higher risk of lower-extremity strain or core muscle injury (1.86 odds) and hamstring injury (3.61 odds) than normal players ( Rebolledo et al., 2018 ). In the present
Becoming a World Champion Powerlifter at 71 Years of Age: It Is Never Too Late to Start Exercising
Cas J. Fuchs, Jorn Trommelen, Michelle E.G. Weijzen, Joey S.J. Smeets, Janneau van Kranenburg, Lex B. Verdijk, and Luc J.C. van Loon
) hand is reported (in line with data from the reference group). Lower-extremity function was assessed using the short physical performance battery. The battery consists of a test of gait speed, standing balance, and time to rise from a chair five times. Each item was scored using a 5-point scale (0
Physiological and Metabolic Responses to Exercise on Treadmill, Elliptical Trainer, and Stepper: Practical Implications for Training
Andrew N. Bosch, Kirsten C. Flanagan, Maaike M. Eken, Adrian Withers, Jana Burger, and Robert P. Lamberts
of lower extremity running injuries in long distance runners: A systematic review . British Journal of Sports Medicine, 41 ( 8 ), 469 – 480 . PubMed ID: 17473005 doi:10.1136/bjsm.2006.033548 10.1136/bjsm.2006.033548 Zeni , A. , Hoffman , M.D. , & Clifford , P.S. ( 1996 ). Energy
Prevalence of Indicators of Low Energy Availability in Elite Female Sprinters
Jennifer Sygo, Alexandra M. Coates, Erik Sesbreno, Margo L. Mountjoy, and Jamie F. Burr
.1123/ijspp.1.1.14 Rauh , M.J. , Macera , C.A. , Trone , D.W. , Shaffer , R.A. , & Brodine , S.K. ( 2006 ). Epidemiology of stress fracture and lower-extremity overuse injury in female recruits . Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 38 , 1571 – 1577 . PubMed ID: 16960517 doi:10
Acute Effect of Citrulline Malate on Repetition Performance During Strength Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Fredrik Tonstad Vårvik, Thomas Bjørnsen, and Adam M. Gonzalez
. , Bechmann , I. , Milani , T.L. , Özkurtul , O. , Sakai , T. … Hammer , N. ( 2016 ). Reference data on muscle volumes of healthy human pelvis and lower extremity muscles: An in vivo magnetic resonance imaging feasibility study . Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy, 38 ( 1 ), 97 – 106 . PubMed ID
