-related reasons. Achievement goal perspective theory (AGPT; Nicholls, 1989 ; Roberts, 2012 ) is one framework that has been employed in exercise psychology research to consider how to optimize individuals’ motivation in physical activity settings. Two distinct motivational climates can be created by instructors
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Relationship Between Motivational Climate to Body Esteem and Social Physique Anxiety Within College Physical Activity Classes
Sheryl Miller and Mary Fry
Volunteer Motivations at a National Special Olympics Event
Selina Khoo and Rich Engelhorn
Understanding the motivations for people to volunteer with the management and execution of major sporting events is important for the recruitment and retention of the volunteers. This research investigated volunteer motivations at the first National Special Olympics held in Ames, Iowa, USA in July 2006. A total of 289 participants completed the 28 item Special Event Volunteer Motivation Scale. The top motivations related to the purposive incentives of wanting to help make the event a success and to do something good for the community. Factor analysis revealed a five-factor model, with the altruistic factor (purposive) being the most important. A MANCOVA was also used to compare subjects using both gender and experience as independent variables. Small but significant differences in motivation were observed.
Children’s Social Relationships and Motivation in Sledge Hockey
Katrina Wynnyk and Nancy Spencer-Cavaliere
The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore children with disabilities’ social relationships and motivation to take part in sledge hockey. Harter’s (1978) theory of Competence Motivation was used as the conceptual framework. Ten children (1 girl and 9 boys) between ages 11–16 years, who experienced a range of disabilities, participated. Primary data were collected using semistructured interviews, participant observations, and field and reflective notes. The thematic analysis led to four themes: (a) coach feedback, (b) parental involvement, (c) skill and belonging, and (d) (dis)ability sport. The findings revealed that interactions with significant others contributed extensively to the participant’s perceptions of competence and motivation to participate, as did the sport’s competitive nature. The findings are discussed in the context of Harter’s theory and the children’s sport and adapted physical activity inclusion literature.
Applying the Sport Commitment Model to Sport Injury Rehabilitation
Windee M. Weiss
One area of concern and importance for athletic trainers working with competitive athletes undergoing injury rehabilitation is enhancing and sustaining the athletes’ motivation throughout the rehabilitation process. 1 Ideally, the idea of returning to competition is a strong enough motivator for
The Motivational Climate and Intrinsic Motivation in the Rehabilitation Setting
Rachel E. Brinkman-Majewski and Windee M. Weiss
, personality, athletic identity, and motivational orientation) are a few examples of psychosocial factors affecting athletes’ response to injury and the rehabilitation process. 3 Maintaining injured athletes’ motivation during rehabilitation can be a difficult process, especially during longer recovery periods, as with
Using Self-Determination Theory to Define Pathological Exercise
Kathryn A. Coniglio and Edward A. Selby
inconsistency with which pathological exercise has been defined in the field of eating disorders ( Holland, Brown, & Keel, 2014 ). Motivation for exercise is a promising candidate to differentiate pathological from healthy exercise as previous research has found that exercise for weight and shape reasons
The Use of Imagery by Athletes during Injury Rehabilitation
Carla Sordoni, Craig Hall, and Lorie Forwell
Objectives:
To determine whether athletes use motivational and cognitive imagery during injury rehabilitation and to develop an instrument for measuring imagery use.
Design:
A survey concerning imagery use during rehabilitation was administered to injured athletes.
Setting:
The Fowler Kennedy Sport Medicine Clinic in London, Ontario, Canada.
Participants:
Injured athletes (N = 71) receiving physiotherapy.
Main Outcome Measure:
The Athletic Injury Imagery Questionnaire (AIIQ).
Results:
As hypothesized, 2 distinct factors emerged from the items on the AIIQ: motivational and cognitive imagery. Motivational imagery was used more often than cognitive imagery in this context, yet less frequently than in other sport situations (eg, training and competition).
Conclusions:
The study indicates that the AIIQ is a potentially useful tool through which physiotherapists and sport psychologists can examine athletes' use of imagery in injury rehabilitation.
Factors Affecting the Treatment of Stress Fractures in Athletes: An Analysis of the Literature
Susan K. Verscheure and Marc R. Hoefelein
Stress fractures are a common overuse injury among athletes. Repetitive loading during weight bearing causes a broad range of stress reactions, from increased bone remodeling to painful fractures. The literature indicates that such injuries are usually treated conservatively with rest or immobilization, but a more aggressive, surgical approach to treatment of stress fractures has also been reported. This study was designed to identify the factors that influence the decision to treat an athlete surgically or conservatively. An analysis of 28 articles was performed. A cross-tabulation design was used to compare 4 categories with the treatment chosen. The categories included severity, anatomical location, and type of stress fracture, as well as the athletic motivation of the individual. All 4 factors were found to influence the treatment of choice, although it was remarkable that only athletes who demonstrated high athletic motivation were treated surgically.
The Influence of the Motivational Climate on Rehabilitation Behaviors and Patient Satisfaction
Rachel E. Brinkman-Majewski and Windee M. Weiss
In any achievement setting, the motivational climate is the physical and psychological environment created by influential individuals such as teachers, coaches, or athletic trainers. 1 The motivational climate is developed through the use of situational cues, expectations, feedback, and reward. 1
Motivational Pathways to Social and Pedagogical Inclusion in Physical Education
Terese Wilhelmsen, Marit Sørensen, and Ørnulf N. Seippel
& Dillon, 2012 ; Pan, Tsai, Chu, & Hsieh, 2011 ; Valentini & Rudisill, 2004 ). In this study, we employ tenets from achievement goal theory (AGT) and self-determination theory (SDT) to explore what motivational pathways support social inclusion (SI) and pedagogical inclusion (PI) in PE as perceived by
