This study examined how pleasant and unpleasant emotional states influence the biomechanical organization of both forward and backward step initiation (SI). Participants (N = 31) purposely took a single step toward or away from a screen following the presentation of a pleasant (erotic), unpleasant (mutilation) or neutral (objects and landscapes) image. The main results showed that the reaction time for forward SI was shortened when individuals were exposed to pleasant pictures as compared with unpleasant pictures. The anticipatory whole-body center-ofmass velocity associated with backward SI, as well as the peak of center-of-mass velocity associated with forward SI both reached lower values when individuals were exposed to pleasant pictures as compared with neutral pictures. In contrast, unpleasant pictures did not significantly induce any change in the forward or backward SI parameters. Overall, these results obtained for whole-body approach/avoidance-like behaviors provided mitigated support for the so-called “motivational direction hypothesis.”
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Influence of Emotion on the Biomechanical Organization of Backward and Forward Step Initiation
Eric Yiou, Manon Gendre, Thomas Deroche, and Serge Le Bozec
Unstable Footwear Affects Magnitude and Structure of Variability in Postural Control
Michael Buchecker, Stefan Wegenkittl, Thomas Stöggl, and Erich Müller
structures, such as over the GM ( Duarte & Zatsiorsky, 1999 ). Still, more research is warranted to (dis-)prove this theory. Structure/Shape of Variability The motivation for evaluating complexity-based measures of COP and EMG variability when using US was twofold: first, to look beyond the classical
Balance and Mobility Training With or Without Simultaneous Cognitive Training Reduces Attention Demand But Does Not Improve Obstacle Clearance in Older Adults
Deborah A.M. Jehu, Nicole Paquet, and Yves Lajoie
– 120 . PubMed doi:10.1016/S0966-6362(99)00022-3 10.1016/S0966-6362(99)00022-3 Baddeley , A.D. , & Hitch , G.J. ( 1974 ). Working memory . In G.A. Bower (Ed.), Recent advances in learning and motivation (pp. 47 – 89 ). New York, NY : Academic Press . Barrett , R.S. , Mills , P
Effects of Mental Fatigue Induced by Stroop Task and by Social Media Use on Resistance Training Performance, Movement Velocity, Perceived Exertion, and Repetitions in Reserve: A Randomized and Double-Blind Crossover Trial
Carlos Alix-Fages, Henar González-Cano, Eneko Baz-Valle, and Carlos Balsalobre-Fernández
physical exercise ( Martin et al., 2018 ). This accumulation of adenosine in the anterior cingulate cortex could subsequently inhibit dopamine release, not only increasing the RPE related to exercise but also reducing the motivation to extend the effort ( Martin et al., 2018 ). Considering the previously
Mental Fatigue From Smartphone Use or Stroop Task Does Not Affect Bench Press Force–Velocity Profile, One-Repetition Maximum, or Vertical Jump Performance
Carlos Alix-Fages, Eneko Baz-Valle, Henar González-Cano, Pablo Jiménez-Martínez, and Carlos Balsalobre-Fernández
lift it. On the other hand, subjects do not need to fully activate muscles in order to lift low submaximal loads. Thus, motivation is more important to intentionally apply high forces against low loads, although it is not needed to lift them. Regarding CMJ, subjects are usually more intrinsically
The Influence of a Warm-Up on Vigilance in University Students
Francisco Tomás González-Fernández, Alfonso Castillo-Rodriguez, Sixto González-Víllora, and David Hortigüela-Alcalá
activity (70%–86% HR max ). During planning warm-up activities, it is essential to make them engaging, age-appropriate, and aligned with the learning goal. Indeed, warm-up exercises can also help maintain students’ interest and motivation. For this reason, the warm-up is a key factor to consider in order
The Ability of Runners to Identify Spatial and Temporal Variables of Speed During Endurance Running
Pedro Ángel Latorre-Román, Juan Francisco Fernández-Povedano, Jesús Salas-Sánchez, Felipe García-Pinillos, and Juan Antonio Párraga-Montilla
). However, proper management of sensations of fatigue leads to optimal sport performance ( Smits et al., 2014 ). In this regard, pacing control is related to several interoceptive and exteroceptive variables, such as psychological factors (i.e., perception of time, motivational state, knowledge about the
Influence of Coaching Condition on the Magnitude and Reliability of Drop Jump Height in Men and Women
Alejandro Pérez-Castilla, F. Javier Rojas, John F.T. Fernandes, Federico Gómez-Martínez, and Amador García-Ramos
underlying mechanism of these performance gains is mainly related to motivational factors ( Keller et al., 2014 ). Specifically, the provision of AF is believed to enhance intrinsic motivation by encouraging participants to outplay their foregoing or maximal performance ( Wälchli, Ruffieux, Bourquin, Keller
Effects of Mental Fatigue on Strength Endurance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Carlos Alix-Fages, Jozo Grgic, Pablo Jiménez-Martínez, Eneko Baz-Valle, and Carlos Balsalobre-Fernández
may be associated with the excitability modulation of neuronal circuits produced by cognitive tasks that ultimately impact motor unit recruitment ( Helm et al., 2015 ; Naish et al., 2014 ). For example, listening to preferred music increases motivation while reducing the perception of effort and thus
Velocity Performance Feedback During Ballistic Training: Which Is the Optimal Frequency of Feedback Administration?
Alejandro Pérez-Castilla, Ainara Jiménez-Alonso, Mar Cepero, Sergio Miras-Moreno, F. Javier Rojas, and Amador García-Ramos
, competitiveness, and motivation ( Weakley, Wilson, Till, Read, Darrall-Jones, et al., 2019 ) but also to promote greater training adaptations ( Nagata, Doma, Yamashita, Hasegawa, & Mori, 2018 ; Randell, Cronin, Keogh, Gill, & Pedersen, 2011 ; Weakley, Till, et al., 2019 ). However, a number of methodological
