), physiological (i.e., blood pressure, heart rate, heart rate variability, inflammation proteins and cortisol), and neurobiological (i.e., brain structure and function) mechanisms by which yoga interventions can improve mental health. The results from 22 studies were included, broadly finding that yoga
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Development and Validation of the Diet-Related Beliefs of Exercisers Scale
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-related competitions (such as road races or tournaments) on a regular basis (yes/no) and whether they take any type of nutritional supplements such as minerals, vitamins, sport beverages, energy bars, or protein drinks (yes/no). Demographics Participants also indicated their gender, age, and nationality. They were
An Ego-Involving Motivational Climate Can Trigger Inflammation, a Threat Appraisal, and Basic Psychological Need Frustration in an Achievement Context
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tumor necrosis factor alpha” ( Bower & Kuhlman, 2023 , p. 332). Cytokines are messenger proteins that facilitate communication between cells which activate and help regulate the inflammatory response. Pro-inflammatory cytokines typically enhance inflammation, whereas anti-inflammatory cytokines tend to
A Moral Intervention Reduces Doping Likelihood in British and Greek Athletes: Evidence From a Cluster Randomized Control Trial
Maria Kavussanu, Philip Hurst, Mariya Yukhymenko-Lescroart, Evangelos Galanis, Ailish King, Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis, and Christopher Ring
. Sport supplements To inform participants of the risks associated with sport supplements (e.g., protein, energy drinks, creatine) Participants are informed about the potential contamination of sport supplements with banned substances and are instructed to check sport supplements using the Informed