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Participation in secondary school athletics is common in the United States with over 7.8 million participants during the 2022–2023 school year. 1 Taking part in athletic practice and competition is not free from risk of injury, with over 1.2 million injuries occurring annually. 2 In 1998

Key Points ▸ The study analyzed adolescent student-athlete concussion data through state public-school-based online surveillance in 2015–2017. ▸ Adolescents may be at greater risk for adverse effects from concussions. ▸ Data obtained improved concussion characterization. ▸ Future efforts should

Injuries in high school athletes are a major problem with 1.2 million injuries per year occurring among nearly 8 million athletes who participate in school-sponsored competitions and trainings. 1 Knee injuries account for 13% to 15% of injuries sustained annually by high school athletes. 1 , 2

A majority (∼66%) of athletes participating in sports arrive for practices and competitions hypohydrated. 1 – 3 Hypohydration is more prevalent in males than females (17%–19% greater), 1 , 4 though comparisons have not been made across competition levels (high school [HS], college/university [COL

populations (eg, athletes 11 , 14 and nonathletes 9 , 10 , 15 ). Several studies have demonstrated that external factors, such as ankle taping/bracing, 16 , 17 or the testing environment, 14 , 18 may affect preinjury performance on the full or modified versions of the BESS in high school and collegiate

drinking episode in the previous 30 days. 15 However, that recent study of ATs 4 only examined ATs that work in the collegiate setting. Those findings may not be generalizable to ATs that work in other settings such as the secondary school setting, which comprises approximately 26% of the certified

and CD fall under the category of disruptive behavior disorders (DBD). ODD and CD share a trajectory of escalating hostile and defiant behavior that violates age-appropriate norms and rules. 2 Participation in after-school organized physical activities is a well-studied means of promoting positive

’ Association (NATA) work in the secondary school setting, 9 research pertaining to burnout of ATs in this setting is scarce. In one published study, 10 researchers found that secondary school ATs suffered from moderate work–family conflict. While increases in work–family conflict have been associated with

Key Points ▸ Nearly two-thirds of California secondary schools do not hire a certified athletic trainer. ▸ Fewer California secondary schools hire an athletic trainer compared to the nationwide average. ▸ Many schools hired nonmedical personnel to provide sports medicine services to student