—although not always—create physical, psychological, or socially safe spaces ( Brady, 2005 ; Hartmann, 2003 ; Spaaij & Schulenkorf, 2014 ). Notable was Wacquant’s ( 2004 ) ethnography of boxing and the American urban ghetto, wherein he regarded the gym as an island of order, virtue, and protection from
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The Uses of Running: Urban Homelessness, Creative Initiatives, and “Recovery” in the Neoliberal City
Bryan C. Clift
SPORT MANAGEMENT DIGEST
, including both low- and high-consensus information. Individuals with high SII will make “socially safe” decisions regardless of whether many or only a few individuals endorse a behavior. Although this article discussed the findings in the context of public policy marketing, it is relevant for sport
