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Consolidation Effects in a Full-Body Diving Task

Maxime Trempe, Jean-Luc Gohier, Mathieu Charbonneau, and Jonathan Tremblay

In recent years, it has been shown that spacing training sessions by several hours allows the consolidation of motor skills in the brain, a process leading to the stabilization of the skills and, sometimes, further improvement without additional practice. At the moment, it is unknown whether consolidation can lead to an improvement in performance when the learner performs complex full-body movements. To explore this question, we recruited 10 divers and had them practice a challenging diving maneuver. Divers first performed an initial training session, consisting of 12 dives during which visual feedback was provided immediately after each dive through video replay. Two retention tests without feedback were performed 30 min and 24 hr after the initial training session. All dives were recorded using a video camera and the participants’ performance was assessed by measuring the verticality of the body segments at water entry. Significant performance gains were observed in the 24-hr retention test (p < .05). These results suggest that the learning of complex full-body movements can benefit from consolidation and that splitting practice sessions can be used as a training tool to facilitate skill acquisition.

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The Utility of Head-Mounted Eye Gaze Tracking for Vision-in-Action Assessments to Enhance Skill Acquisition and Sport Performance: A Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats Analysis

Nikki Aitcheson-Huehn and Adam W. Kiefer

measures to drive personalized training. Sport performance training has become more comprehensive over the last few decades, now integrating psychological, sleep, nutrition, and technical training with traditional physical conditioning to secure a competitive edge. Mobile eye tracking is one technology

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Individual Differences in Short-Term Anticipation Training for High-Speed Interceptive Skill

Sean Müller, Yasmin Gurisik, Mark Hecimovich, Allen G. Harbaugh, and Ann-Maree Vallence

Training studies in a variety of domains focus on between-group comparisons. This study investigated individual differences in learning based upon visual anticipation training using field hockey goalkeeping as the exemplar motor skill. In a within-subject design, four state-league level field hockey goalkeepers were tested before and after visual anticipatory training in an in-situ test that required them to save goals from a drag flick. Response initiation time and response accuracy were measured. Participants were tested at baseline, completed a control phase of sport-specific practice, were retested, then given an intervention phase of temporal occlusion training plus sport-specific practice, and retested. Results indicated that two goalkeepers’ response initiation times were earlier after the intervention. Effect sizes indicated that the two goalkeepers improved response accuracy after the intervention. Another goalkeeper’s response initiation time was later after the intervention, but this did not impede response accuracy of goals saved. The mechanism of individual learning appeared to be modulation of response timing to save goals. Anticipation training can improve in-situ visual-perceptual motor skill performance in an individualized and nonlinear fashion. Further research is needed to better understand how each individual learns the visual-perceptual motor skills of high time-stress tasks in the sport domain.

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Exploring Associations between Motor Skill Assessments in Children With, Without, and At-Risk for Developmental Coordination Disorder

Nadia C. Valentini, Nancy Getchell, Samuel W. Logan, Ling-Yin Liang, Daphne Golden, Mary E. Rudisill, and Leah E. Robinson

Background:

We compared children with, at-risk for, or without developmental coordination disorder (DCD) on the Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD-2) and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC) through (a) correlations, (b) gender and age comparisons, (c) cross tab analyses, and (d) factor analyses.

Method:

Children (N = 424; age range: 4–10 years) from southern Brazil completed the TGMD-2 and MABC and placed into groups (DCD: ≤ 5th%, n = 58; at-risk: > 5th to ≤ 15th%, n = 133; typically developing (TD) >16th%, n = 233).

Results:

The strongest correlation was between total performance on the TGMD-2 and MABC (r = .37). No gender differences were found for performance on the MABC while boys performed better than girls on the TGMD-2. Cross tab analyses indicated a high level of agreement for children who performed in the lowest percentiles on each assessment. Factor analyses suggested that, for both the TD and at-risk groups, three factors loaded on the motor assessments. In contrast, the DCD group loaded on a sport skill, general skill, and a manipulative skill factor, accounting for 42.3% of the variance.

Conclusions::

Evidence suggests that children who perform very poorly on one assessment are likely to perform poorly on the other. Children with DCD may have sports-related skill deficiencies.

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Exploring Coach Perceptions of Parkour-Style Training for Athlete Learning and Development in Team Sports

Ben William Strafford, Keith Davids, Jamie Stephen North, and Joseph Antony Stone

the best learning and talent development environments in sport (e.g., see Burnie et al., 2018 ; McCosker et al., 2020 ; Pocock et al., 2020 ; Stone et al., 2020 ; Woods, Mckeown, et al., 2020 ; Woods, Rothwell, et al., 2020 ). This rebalancing of the relationship between experiential and

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The Development of Bilateral Skill Symmetry: Insights From Gaelic Football Players and Coaches

Karol Dillon, Paul Kinnerk, Ian Sherwin, and Philip E. Kearney

21 years of age, who emphasized the use of the nondominant leg over an 8-week training block improved on their nondominant side on three tests of soccer-specific skills (dribbling, volleying, and shooting) and two non-sport-specific tasks relative to a control group that continued their regular

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A Comparison of Maximal Acceleration Between the “Tic Tac” Parkour Action, Drop Jump, and Lay-Up Shot in Youth Basketball Players: A Preliminary Study Toward the Donor Sport Concept

Mark David Williams, Bernard Liew, Fabio Castro, Gary Davy, and Jason Moran

 al., 2020 ). One of the tenets of the athletic skills model is the notion of so-called “donor sports” ( Wormhoudt et al., 2018 ). Donor sports are theorized to donate action capabilities to a target sport through the utilization of transferable physical skills and perception–action capabilities ( Rudd

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The Effect of Large Visual Illusion and External Focus of Attention on Gaze Behavior and Learning of Dart Throw Skill

Somayeh Bahrami, Behrouz Abdoli, Alireza Farsi, Mahin Aghdaei, and Thomas Simpson

Sport and Exercise Psychology, 19 ( 5 ), 882 – 894 . https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197X.2020.1854823 10.1080/1612197X.2020.1854823 Asadi , A. , Aiken , C.A. , Heidari , S. , & Kochackpour , F. ( 2021 ). The effect of attentional instructions during modeling on gaze behavior and throwing

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No Fans, No Problem: An Investigation of Audience Effects on Shooting Performance in Professional Basketball

Logan T. Markwell, Andrew J. Strick, and Jared M. Porter

( Gentile, 2000 ). Another consideration originates from the sport psychology literature examining the relationship between spectator presence and the “choking” phenomena. The term “choking” is consistently used to describe an unexpected negative consequence from the increase in pressure to perform

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Do Fundamental Movement Skill Domains in Early Childhood Predict Engagement in Physical Activity of Varied Intensities Later at School Age? A 3-Year Longitudinal Study

Maria Kasanen, Arto Laukkanen, Donna Niemistö, Jimi Kotkajuuri, Nanne-Mari Luukkainen, and Arja Sääkslahti

13102-015-0010-0 Allender , S. , Cowburn , G. , & Foster , C. ( 2006 ). Understanding participation in sport and physical activity among children and adults: A review of qualitative studies . Health Education Research, 21 ( 6 ), 826 – 835 . https://doi.org/10.1093/her/cyl063 Barnett , L