ability of muscle to work under similar conditions. Work supporting the use of IPC as an ergogenic technique has primarily used endurance 6 – 9 and repeated-sprint 10 – 12 exercise models. With some evidence suggesting that IPC alters metabolism in a way that may be beneficial in endurance sport
Search Results
Ischemic Preconditioning: No Influence on Maximal Sprint Acceleration Performance
Kyle M.A. Thompson, Alanna K. Whinton, Shane Ferth, Lawrence L. Spriet, and Jamie F. Burr
Measuring Muscle Activity in Sprinters Using T2-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Takaya Yoshimoto, Yoshihiro Chiba, Hayato Ohnuma, Takuya Yanaka, and Norihide Sugisaki
Sprinting is one of the basic physical movements and is an important ability required in various sports. 1 , 2 Sprinting requires gaining velocity by moving various joints of the body and exerting great force on the ground. To acquire a better sprinting ability, it is necessary to identify muscle
Paralympic Sprint Performance Between 1992 and 2012
Lara Grobler, Suzanne Ferreira, and Elmarie Terblanche
The Paralympic Games have undergone many changes since their inception in 1960, one being the advances made in running-specific prostheses (RSPs) for track athletes with lower-limb amputations.
Purpose:
To investigate the sprinting-performance changes in athletes with lower-limb amputations since 1992 to assess whether the influence of developments in RSP technology is evident.
Methods:
The results of the Olympic and Paralympic Games ranging between 1992 and 2012 for the 100-m and 200-m were collected, and performance trends, percentage change in performance, and competition density (CD) were calculated.
Results:
The results indicate that the greatest performance increases were seen in athletes with lower-limb amputations (T42 = 26%, T44 = 14%). These performance improvements were greater than for Olympic athletes (<3%), as well as Paralympic athletes from other selected classes (<10%). The T42 and T44 classes also showed the lowest CD values.
Discussion:
These results suggest that although there is an overall trend for improved Paralympic sprint performances, RSP technology has played a noteworthy role in the progression of performances of athletes with amputations. It is also hypothesized that the difference in the performance improvements between the T42 and T44 classes is due to the level of disability and therefore the extent to which technology is required to enable locomotion.
Conclusion:
It is evident that RSP technology has played a significant role in the progression of performances in athletes with lower-limb amputations.
Hamstring Injuries, From the Clinic to the Field: A Narrative Review Discussing Exercise Transfer
Jordi Vicens-Bordas, Ali Parvaneh Sarand, Marco Beato, and Robert Buhmann
by British Athletics. 16 However, some performance staff question the “functionality” of this exercise (ie, it may not mimic the contraction velocity, contraction mode, and hip/knee actions observed during sprinting). 8 , 17 There are suggestions that the action of the hamstrings during the swing
Assessments of Mechanical Stiffness and Relationships to Performance Determinants in Middle-Distance Runners
Simon A. Rogers, Chris S. Whatman, Simon N. Pearson, and Andrew E. Kilding
Successful middle-distance (MD) running in distances from 800 m to 5000 m requires both rapid and economical movements. Athletes must sustain high running velocities at and above maximal aerobic speeds, 1 with sprint performance in the final lap of 1500-m races often determining medalists on the
Enhancing the Initial Acceleration Performance of Elite Rugby Backs. Part I: Determining Individual Technical Needs
James J. Wild, Ian N. Bezodis, Jamie S. North, and Neil E. Bezodis
Sprint acceleration capacities of professional rugby backs are related to key performance indicators during matches and discriminate between playing standards. 1 – 3 This is logical since an increase in sprint acceleration capacity may increase the opportunities available for rugby backs to
Enhancing the Initial Acceleration Performance of Elite Rugby Backs. Part II: Insights From Multiple Longitudinal Individual-Specific Case-Study Interventions
James J. Wild, Ian N. Bezodis, Jamie S. North, and Neil E. Bezodis
Individualization is an important training principle for coaches. 1 , 2 However, the majority of scientific research investigating training interventions for sprint acceleration in team sport players has primarily reported group-based data, focusing on the mean effects of the same training program
Effect of Tethered Swimming as Postactivation Potentiation on Swimming Performance and Technical, Hemophysiological, and Psychophysiological Variables in Adolescent Swimmers
Zied Abbes, Monoem Haddad, Khalid W. Bibi, Iñigo Mujika, Cyril Martin, and Karim Chamari
responses compared with free swimming and improve the lactate production capacity of swimmers. 7 Hence, TS-induced PAP could be potentially an interesting method to enhance swimming sprint performance in training as well as in competition. 8 Therefore, the primary purpose of the present study was to
Anthropometric and Power-Related Attributes Differ Between Competition Levels in Age-Matched Under-19-Year-Old Male Basketball Players
Markus N.C. Williams, Neal Wen, David B. Pyne, Davide Ferioli, Daniele Conte, Vincent J. Dalbo, and Aaron T. Scanlan
) possessed greater 20-m linear sprint speed, COD speed, upper limb ballistic power, and repeated-sprint capacity than age-matched players in a secondary U14 academy team (12.6 [1.0] y). Moreover, U14 players in the primary academy team were taller, had a wider wingspan, and greater fat-free mass than
On the Importance of “Front-Side Mechanics” in Athletics Sprinting
Thomas Haugen, Jørgen Danielsen, Leif Olav Alnes, David McGhie, Øyvind Sandbakk, and Gertjan Ettema
Athletic sprint running performance is regulated by a complex interaction of numerous factors. Many studies have examined the mechanics of linear sprinting, with the majority focusing on spatiotemporal variables. The fastest runners maximize their acceleration and sprinting velocities by applying
