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Puddings, Bullies, and Squashes: Early Public School Football Codes

Tim Chandler

the puddings, bullies, and squashes that once were, arguably, the central feature of football.

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Game Strategy Used by the World’s Top Female Squash Players in International Competition - A Notational Analysis

Youlian Hong, Paul D. Robinson, and Wan Ka Chan

The purpose of this paper was to profile game strategy used by world’s top female squash players in international competitions using postevent notational analysis methods. A total of 10 matches from the Ladies Hong Kong Open 1993 and 1994 were selected for analysis. A total of 15 right-handed competitors, who were ranked in the top 15 in the world at that time, were involved in the matches. Matches were played under the International scoring system. A 3-CDD video camera, positioned behind the court, was used to record the player’s performance throughout the matches. Frame-by-frame video notation was used to record the player, the kind of stroke, the position where the stroke was made, and the success or failure of that stroke. Shots were classified as “effective”, “ineffective”, “winning” and “losing” shots. Statistics show that the mean number of games per match was 4, rallies per game was 13.57 and shots per rally was 12.44. Of all the shots, 57.13% were “effective”, 31.36% were “ineffective”, 6.24% were “winning” and 5.27% were “losing” shots. Over half (62.01%) of all shots played were the drive, followed by drop (18.20%), volley (11.23%), boast (5.06%) and lob (3.50%). Of all shots played, 43.81% were in the back left court, 32.66% in the back right court, 13.04% in the front left court, and 10.49% in the front right court, showing that these right-handed players preferred to attack the backhand of the opponent. The drive (45.9%) was found to provide the greatest contribution shots to winning scores, with the next greatest being the drop (27.9%), then the volley (20.2), the boast (5.6%) and, finally, the lob (0.5%). Almost an equal number of cross-court shots and straight shots were played. In an average game, the winner played 50% more winning shots than the losing player, showing that in high level competition of female squash, the attacking shots, which produce the most winning scores, are required for success.

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“I’m the Kind of Trans They Don’t Care About”: Experiences of Trans-Masculine Athletes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association

Alexander Z. Perry

 Biracial 1 Sport  Swimming and diving 4  Rowing 3  Cross country/track and field 2  Lacrosse, softball, squash, or golf 1 each Competition level  Division I 3  Division II 1  Division III 9 Location  Northeast 8  Midwest 2  South 2  West 1 N  = 13 I conducted each interview virtually over Zoom due to the

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Key Considerations for Advancing Women in Coaching

Jenessa Banwell, Gretchen Kerr, and Ashley Stirling

shared, . . . We know that in medicine, which is predominantly still male, at least in academic medicine, that male trainees have informal networks open to them. ‘Oh, after this evening why don’t we go play squash and then we’ll grab a beer it would be nice to get to know you . . . that would never

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Women’s Bodies, Femininity, and Spacetimemattering: A Baradian Analysis of the Activewear Phenomenon

Julie E. Brice

patriarchal societies ( Erkal, 2017 ; Robinson, 2002 ; Torrens, 1999 ). Robinson ( 2002 ) wrote about how, during the Industrial Revolution in Europe and the United States (1780s–1820s), “corsets could be pulled so tightly that ribs were broken, lungs were punctured, and organs were squashed. Necklines were

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The Stakeholder Dilemma in Sport Governance: Toward the Notion of “Stakeowner”

Lesley Ferkins and David Shilbury

This study is positioned within the nonprofit sport context and builds on an emerging body of work in sport governance to investigate how nonprofit sport organizations can develop their governing capability. A rich data set derived from a 2-year action research study in an Australian state sport organization revealed a lack of stakeholder engagement underpinned by confusion about stakeholder-governing responsibility as the central issues in developing governance capability. The lessons drawn from the Squash Vic experience integrated with sport governance literature and stakeholder theory show the need to embed the notion of stakeholder salience or primacy to explain and clarify the dilemma of multiple stakeholders and the lack of stakeholder engagement in the governing process. We introduce Fassin’s (2012) notion of “stakeowner” and associated ideas of reciprocity and responsibility as a helpful characterization of the legal members in the stakeholdergovernance relationship.

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The Role of the Commonwealth Youth Games in Pre-elite Athlete Development

Eric W. MacIntosh and Popi Sotiriadou

practice facilities for tennis” (R117), “more seating for the crowds” (for the squash competition; R57), and a “warm-up track for the athletes” (R144), overall, the venues and venue provisions during the CYG did not emerge as an issue. The exception was the slow provision of wireless Internet that made it

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Biomechanics of Elite Performers: Economy and Efficiency of Movement

Geoffrey T. Burns, Kenneth M. Kozloff, and Ronald F. Zernicke

canoeing, crew, riding, swimming, and sailing All activities except archery, canoeing, riding, shuffle-board, weight lifting Badminton, baseball/softball, basketball, dance, football, handball, hockey, lacrosse, racquetball, speedball, speedaway, squash, tennis, and track and field Basketball, dance

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“Under One Banner”: The World Baseball Softball Confederation and the Gendered Politics of Olympic Participation

Callie Batts Maddox

squash in the 125th IOC Session in September 2013. With a simple majority of forty-nine votes, the IOC added wrestling to the program for the 2020 and 2024 Games. Baseball/softball came in second with twenty-four votes, and squash garnered twenty-two votes. 96 Determined to keep going after such a close

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Athlete Perceptions of Social Media Benefits and Challenges During Major Sport Events

Michelle Hayes, Kevin Filo, Caroline Riot, and Andrea Geurin

.89  Hockey Oceania Cup 2 3.77  Mountain Bike World Championships 4 7.55  Oceania Continental Climbing Championships 1 1.89  Rhythmic Gymnastics World Championships 2 3.77  Road Cycling World Championships 2 3.77  Rowing World Championships 5 9.43  Short Track Speed Skating World Cup 1 1.89  Squash World