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the experimental group ( p  = .818), which remained relatively stable throughout the experiment (see Figure  1 ). It is also relevant to note that despite visual differences across groups at the intervention ( p  = .401) and postintervention ( p  = .220) phases, these were nonsignificant. The main

  3 , show that scores for the three subscales and athletic identity foreclosure (both present and future) are stable over a 2-week assessment period. Table 2 Test–Retest Reliability Coefficients and Descriptive Statistics for SSMIF Subscales in Validation Sample 2 ( N  = 54) Time 1 Time 2 Variable M

scale, all participants had relatively stable baselines (see Figure  1 ). The scores of two participants (1 and 4) showed no strong immediate effects at the onset of the intervention; participant 5 showed a more immediate increase in scores between phases. An upward trend in the intervention phase was

vulnerability to depression. Here, a vulnerable individual is more likely than the non-vulnerable individual to make internal (self-focused), stable (an enduring characteristic), and global (generalizable across contexts) interferences of a negative event, subsequently leading to hopelessness (depression). In

-talk, and imagery, compared with athletes in profiles lower in mindfulness. In addition, the researchers found significant differences in flow dispositions across the four mindfulness clusters. Thus, Kee and Wang identified a stable mindfulness cluster solution and found significant differences among those

HRV devices can measure HRV in real time using a medical-grade photodetector that measures heart rate 125 times per second ( HeartMath, 2021 ). The platform calculates a coherence score which describes how stable and regular the heart rhythm is, determined by score ranges from 0 to 16. The coherence

 = 12.70). In contrast, Isoard-Gautheur, Guillet-Descas, Gaudreau, and Chanal ( 2015 ) revealed a decrease in reduced sense of accomplishment, an increase in sport devaluation, and relatively stable emotional and physical exhaustion in a French sample ( M age  = 15.67). When comparing U.S. youth

; the former is an affective-cognitive state which results from the appraisal of a received benefit, while the latter is a broader, more stable tendency toward noticing the good in life ( Jans-Beken et al., 2020 ). Both state and trait gratitude have been linked to physical and mental health benefits

study, resilience did not change across 6 weeks of competitive training when averaged across collegiate club athletes. Previous research in patients with traumatic brain injury has found resilience scores were stable following injury, until demographic, psychosocial, and injury characteristics were

of a stable exercise routine that was consistent with 2008 ACSM guidelines for physical activity before introducing the study “manipulation” of ceasing exercise. Following maintained exercise, participants’ exercise diaries were reviewed to verify that their exercise behavior met ACSM guidelines, and