following ground contact must occur. 3 , 4 Thus, movement strategies that assist in attenuating vGRF and enhancing sufficient load sharing across joint segments are advantageous for reducing injury risk. For example, sagittal plane ankle, knee, and hip joint alignment at initial contact 5 – 7 and at peak
Search Results
Restrictions in Ankle Dorsiflexion Range of Motion Alter Landing Kinematics But Not Movement Strategy When Fatigued
Louis Howe, Jamie S. North, Mark Waldron, and Theodoros M. Bampouras
Prehabilitation for Recreational Runners: Motivators, Influencers, and Barriers to Injury Prevention Strategies for Running-Related Injury
Linda Linton, Morag Barr, and Stephanie Valentin
common reason for discontinuing the sport, particularly among novice runners. 6 Moreover, runners who sustain a RRI are less likely to engage in other types of activity 7 and thus could be at risk of lowering their general physical activity. Therefore, injury prevention strategies in runners are needed
The Influence of Injury History on Countermovement Jump Performance and Movement Strategy in Professional Soccer Players: Implications for Profiling and Rehabilitation Foci
Andy Mitchell, Craig Holding, and Matt Greig
deficits in jump performance. Interlimb asymmetries might reflect a compensation strategy to protect previously injured systems, and they have been identified following anterior cruciate ligament injury, for example. 5 , 6 The bilateral strength asymmetries observed in soccer players 7 – 9 might reflect
Comparison of 4 Different Cooldown Strategies on Lower-Leg Temperature, Blood Lactate Concentration, and Fatigue Perception After Intense Running
Junhyeong Lim, Hyeongjun Park, Seunghee Lee, and Jihong Park
capacity to perform a specific function. 3 An accumulation of imbalance between stress (overloaded) and recovery (adapted) might cause functional impairments or overtraining syndrome. 4 In contrast, the administration of a well-designed cooldown strategy would facilitate a continuation of adapting
Cognitive Strategies and Pain Tolerance in Subjects with Muscle Soreness
Lorette J. Pen, Craig Fisher, Gary A. Sforzo, and Beth G. McManis
The effects of cognitive strategies on pain tolerance and performance in subjects with muscle soreness were investigated. Female (n = 18) and male (n =12) subjects were matched for strength and then randomly assigned to dissociation, association, or control groups. Muscle soreness was induced in the quadriceps and hamstrings muscle groups by repeated eccentric contractions against heavy resistance, which resulted in significant decrements in peak torque (PT) and total work (TW). ANOVAs revealed no significant group differences (p < .05) in muscle soreness, state anxiety, and estimated strength and endurance performance 48 hr following the soreness induction. Association strategy subjects increased their quadriceps strength performance following cognitive intervention, whereas strength performance in the dissociation and control groups was not affected. No significant treatment effects were observed for hamstrings strength or quadriceps and hamstrings endurance. Both dissociation and association groups perceived that using the strategies enhanced their performance. This illusory efficacy effect may have implications for performance enhancement, particularly in injury rehabilitation.
Rotator-Cuff Muscle-Recruitment Strategies During Shoulder Rehabilitation Exercises
Kathleen A. Swanik, Kellie Huxel Bliven, and Charles Buz Swanik
Context:
There are contradictory data on optimal muscle-activation strategies for restoring shoulder stability. Further investigation of neuromuscular-control strategies for glenohumeral-joint stability will guide clinicians in decisions regarding appropriate rehabilitation exercises.
Objectives:
To determine whether subscapularis, infraspinatus, and teres minor (anteroposterior force couple) muscle activation differ between 4 shoulder exercises and describe coactivation ratios and individual muscle-recruitment characteristics of rotator-cuff muscles throughout each shoulder exercise.
Design:
Crossover.
Setting:
Laboratory.
Participants:
healthy, physically active men, age 20.55 ± 2.0 y.
Interventions:
4 rehabilitation exercises: pitchback, PNF D2 pattern with tubing, push-up plus, and slide board.
Main Outcomes Measures:
Mean coactivation level, coactivation-ratio patterns, and level (area) of muscle-activation patterns of the subscapularis, infraspinatus, and teres minor throughout each exercise.
Results:
Coactivation levels varied throughout each exercise. Subscapularis activity was consistently higher than that of the infraspinatus and teres minor combined at the start of each exercise and in end ranges of motion. Individual muscle-recruitment levels in the subscapularis were also different between exercises.
Conclusion:
Results provide descriptive data for determining normative coactivation-ratio values for muscle recruitment for the functional exercises studied. Differences in subscapularis activation suggest a reliance to resist anteriorly directed forces.
The Use of Recovery Strategies Among Participants of the BUPA Great North Run: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Sarah Shaw, Tina Smith, Jenny Alexanders, Thomas Shaw, Lois Smith, Alan Nevill, and Anna Anderson
Objective:
To investigate half-marathon runners’ frequency of use of recovery strategies, perceptions regarding the most beneficial recovery strategy, and reasons for using recovery strategies.
Design:
Cross-sectional survey.
Participants:
186 participants of the 13.1 mile BUPA Great North Run 2013.
Methods:
A questionnaire was developed which required participants to indicate how frequently they used 12 different recovery strategies, identify which recovery strategy they believed to be most beneficial, and rank 6 reasons for using recovery strategies in order of importance. Data were analyzed using a Friedman nonparametric ANOVA and additional nonparametric tests.
Results:
All participants used recovery strategies. Stretching was the most commonly used recovery strategy (P < .001), whereas the use of nutritional supplements was the most commonly selected most beneficial recovery strategy. More than 50% of respondents indicated that they never used strategies such as kinesio tape (80%), hydrotherapy (78%), or ice baths (71%). A significant difference was observed between reasons for using recovery strategy (χ2 (5) = 292.29, P < .001). Reducing muscle tightness (rank 4.87) and reducing injury (rank 4.35) were the most frequently chosen most important reasons for using recovery strategies. Minor sex and age differences in the responses were identified.
Conclusion:
Recovery strategy usage appears to be widespread among half-marathon runners; however, disparities exist between the frequency of use and perceived effectiveness of different recovery strategies. Further research in this area is needed to facilitate the development of recovery strategy guidelines which are both evidence-based and practically relevant.
Sport Physiotherapists' Perceptions of Psychological Strategies in Sport Injury Rehabilitation
Alana Ninedek and Gregory S. Kelt
Context:
Recent literature has focused on the role of physiotherapists in addressing psychological sequelae of sport injury and rehabilitation.
Objective:
The study investigated sports physiotherapists' views of psychological characteristics that distinguished athletes who cope well with injury from those who cope poorly. Physiotherapists' opinions on the role of psychological skills in rehabilitation were also examined.
Design:
A questionnaire-based study.
Participants:
Participants were 150 physiotherapists who had completed, or were completing, a postgraduate sports physiotherapy program.
Main Outcome Measures:
The test instrument used was the Sports Physiotherapists' Views on Psychological Strategies questionnaire (adapted from Wiese et al1).
Results:
The physiotherapists reported communication skills, a positive attitude, intrinsic motivation, and realistic goal setting as important aspects of effective rehabilitation.
Conclusions:
The findings are discussed in relation to physiotherapists' roles in addressing basic psychological aspects of injury.
Horseback Riding-Related Injuries in Portugal and Prevention Strategies
Luísa V. Pinto, Filipa C. Gouveia, Joana F. Ramalho, Sara R. Silva, and Joana R. Silva
injuries occur, so that preventive measures can be put in practice. This study characterizes HR-related injuries in Portuguese riders, identifies factors associated with injury, and proposes injury prevention strategies. To the best of our knowledge, no other study has evaluated HR-related injuries in
Numerical Simulations to Assess Different Rehabilitation Strategies after ACL Rupture in a Skier
Renato Semadeni and Kai-Uwe Schmitt
Objective:
In this study a numerical model of a skier was developed to investigate the effect of different rehabilitation strategies after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture.
Methods:
A computer model using a combined finite-element and multibody approach was established. The model includes a detailed representation of the knee structures, as well as all major leg muscles. Using this model, different strategies after ACL rupture were analyzed.
Results:
The benefit of muscle training to compensate for a loss of the ACL was shown. The results indicate that an increase of 10% of the physiological cross-sectional area has a positive effect without subjecting other knee structures to critical loads. Simulating the use of a hamstring graft indicated increasing knee loads. A patellar-tendon graft resulted in an increase of the stress on the lateral collateral ligament.
Conclusion:
Muscle training of both extensors and flexors is beneficial in medical rehabilitation of ACL-deficient and ACL-reconstructed knees.
