; Impellizzeri et al., 2004 ; Scott et al., 2013 ; Wallace et al., 2014 ). Daily total loads can then be summed to assess the cumulative load that an individual is experiencing over a given period of time ( Bowen et al., 2017 ; Colby et al., 2014 ; Gabbett et al., 2014 ). Accordingly, training load variables
Search Results
Athlete Resilience Trajectories Across Competitive Training: The Influence of Physical and Psychological Stress
Nikki E. Barczak-Scarboro, Emily Kroshus, Brett Pexa, Johna K. Register Mihalik, and J.D. DeFreese
The Well-Being of Elite Volleyball Athletes: A Scoping Review of Methods Using Wellness Questionnaires
André Rebelo, João R. Pereira, Diogo V. Martinho, and João Valente-dos-Santos
ranging from 1 to 5) Not reported • Suitable for daily use • Correlated with training loads • Not available in many languages • Levels of validity and consistency not reported in the literature CSAI-2 ( Martens et al, 1990 ) 3 different scales: • Cognitive anxiety • Somatic anxiety • Self-confidence 27
The Influence of Social Support Provider on Adolescent Athlete Burnout and Engagement
Kathleen T. Mellano and Christine Pacewicz
Youth athletes commit considerable physical and psychological resources to achieve their competitive sport goals. Maintaining a high level of dedication to meet the demands of the professionalized youth sport context (i.e., high training load, extensive travel, focus on rankings) can have
A Person-Centered Exploration of Athlete Burnout Across a Competitive Season
J.D. DeFreese and Alan L. Smith
of 34 male and 94 female athletes (one athlete did not report gender) aged 18–23 years ( M = 20.0 and SD = 1.6). Most participants self-identified as White (90.7%) and endorsed being a member of the travel roster (85.7%) with a very high (15.7%) or high (43.0%) self-reported training load
A Narrative Review of Heart Rate Variability as a Good Index of Psychophysical Health in Athletes and in Biofeedback Training
Carlo Pruneti, Simone Ferrari, and Sara Guidotti
increase the RR (HRV beat–beat) ( Buchheit & Laursen, 2013 ). HRV and HRR undergo variations in response to training loads. Generally, moderate-intensity exercise is associated with increases in vagal response, while intense exercise is associated with a decrease in vagal responses. Moreover, in
Developmental Differences in Burnout Among High School Athletes in the United States: A Gendered Perspective
Tsz Lun (Alan) Chu, Bailey Sommerfeld, and Tao Zhang
exhaustion and sport devaluation ( Gustafsson et al., 2007 ; Isoard-Gautheur et al., 2015 ). In addition, these burnout perceptions could be “contagious,” evidenced by the significant association between athletes’ perceived teammate burnout and their own burnout from increased training loads ( Appleby et
Perspectives on the Future of Burnout in Sport
Daniel J. Madigan, Henrik Gustafsson, Andrew P. Hill, Kathleen T. Mellano, Christine E. Pacewicz, Thomas D. Raedeke, and Alan L. Smith
training load included in many sports; thus, the role of recovery activities as a means to mitigate burnout needs to be examined in more depth in athletes. But if it works, how does it work? I recommend that future treatment research in athletes focus on interventions based on cognitive behavioral therapy
Shooting Free Throws Under Pressure: A Social Media Self-Talk Intervention
Sabrina Gomez Souffront, Angeliki M. Mavrantza, and Marcelo Bigliassi
. Scientific Reports, 11 ( 1 ), Article e7489 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87001-8 Petway , A.J. , Freitas , T.T. , Calleja-González , J. , Leal , D.M. , & Alcaraz , P.E. ( 2020 ). Training load and match-play demands in basketball based on competition level: A systematic review . PLoS
The Influence of Athletes’ Psychological Needs on Motivation, Burnout, and Well-Being: A Test of Self-Determination Theory
Stephen Shannon, Noel Brick, Garry Prentice, and Gavin Breslin
symptoms are likely affected by competition and training load ( Gustafsson et al., 2017 ). Furthermore, inclusion of linked self-reports from coaches alongside athletes would provide additional information pertaining to the relative influence of needs-satisfying and needs-frustrating sources ( Ntoumanis et
Profiles of Mental Well- and Ill-Being Among Elite Athletes: Associations With Sport-Related Demands and Resources
Satu Kaski, Monna Arvinen-Barrow, Ulla Kinnunen, and Jari Parkkari
range of biopsychosocial stressors and demands have been found to have the potential to negatively affect elite athlete mental well-being ( Hughes & Leavey, 2012 ; Nixdorf et al., 2016 ). Some stressors and demands include: extensive training load ( Rice et al., 2016 ), overtraining ( Kuettel & Larsen